# Equatorial Guinea Personal Income Tax v0.2

> **General reference only.** This skill is general tax/accounting reference material for AI-assisted workflows. It has not been reviewed for any specific person's facts, documents, elections, deadlines, residency, filing status, or local procedures. Do not rely on it to file, pay, amend, or take a tax position without review by a qualified professional in the relevant jurisdiction.

## Who this applies to

Individuals with income taxed in Equatorial Guinea in tax year 2026, the calendar year. There is no single personal income tax: Ley 1/2024 splits it into the taxes below, and the annual return (DGRA) brings them together (art 29).

A person is tax resident if any one applies (art 126.2): a permanent home as owner, usufructuary or tenant; the centre of vital interests in the country; at least 183 days present, continuous or not, in any 12-month period; or a State employee living abroad. A resident is taxed on salary even when the work is done abroad or the payer is abroad (art 126.1.a). A non-resident is taxed where the work is done in the country or the payer is established there (art 126.1.b).

## Rates, bands and thresholds

| Item | Amount | Tax year | Official URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salary and DGRA scale: 0 to 1,400,000 XAF net | 0% (art 130.1, art 29.3) | 2026 | https://boe.gob.gq/files/LEY%20TRIBUTARIA.pdf |
| 1,400,001 to 5,000,000 | 10%; tax at top of band 360,000 | 2026 | same |
| 5,000,001 to 12,500,000 | 15%; tax at top of band 1,485,000 | 2026 | same |
| 12,500,001 to 20,000,000 | 20%; tax at top of band 2,985,000 | 2026 | same |
| Over 20,000,000 | 25% | 2026 | same |
| Non-resident salary | 15% of gross earned in the country, withheld (art 130.3) | 2026 | same |
| Business profits tax (IBN) | 25% of profit, fractions under 1,000 XAF ignored (art 87) | 2026 | same |
| IBN minimum (Cuota Minima Fiscal) | 1.5% of income, half-yearly (arts 87.3, 87.4, 75.3, 80) | 2026 | same |
| REAM ceiling | Annual gross income of 30,000,000 XAF or less (art 91) | 2026 | same |
| REAM final tax, regional capitals | 5% of annual turnover (arts 92, 94.1) | 2026 | same |
| REAM final tax, provincial capitals | 4% of annual turnover (arts 92, 94.1) | 2026 | same |
| REAM, district and municipal capitals | 9,375 / 21,875 / 37,500 / 59,375 / 87,500 / 118,750 XAF by turnover band of 5,000,000 up to 30,000,000 (art 94.2) | 2026 | same |
| REAM, urban districts and village councils | 3,750 / 8,750 / 15,000 / 23,750 / 35,000 / 47,500 XAF on the same bands (art 94.2) | 2026 | same |
| Capital income (IRCM), resident individual | 10% withheld (art 105.1.a) | 2026 | same |
| Capital income (IRCM), non-resident | 15% withheld (art 105.1.b) | 2026 | same |
| Rent (IRCI) | 5% withheld (art 117.1) | 2026 | same |
| Gain on real estate (IRCI) | 10% (art 117.2) | 2026 | same |
| Professional expenses in the DGRA | 20%, capped at the annual minimum wage (art 29.5) | 2026 | same |
| Medical costs in the DGRA | Uninsured costs up to 10% of the total before deduction (art 29.2.g) | 2026 | same |

The 2026 Budget Law (art 14) fixes REAM obligations by the categories A to D of Presidency Order 1/2025 (Patente Tributario Unico Anual), with amounts such as 636,000 XAF for category A1 general trade in a regional capital. See https://minhacienda-gob.com/uploads/2026/05/libro-lpge-2026-bcb5ebfc7795.pdf. Find the category first; the art 94 rates are the law behind it.

## The base

- Salary: net pay plus benefits (art 128). A director's benefits are valued at real value or as a share of gross pay: housing 15%, domestic service 5%, water and electricity 5%, car 10%, food 15% up to 300,000 XAF a month (art 128.2).
- Deduct from salary the employee's INSESO and Work Protection Fund contributions, and pension contributions for resident expatriates up to 50% of the employee's social security contribution (art 129).
- Exempt from salary tax: art 124, including expense reimbursements meeting art 52, redundancy pay under a dismissal plan, accident compensation, State family and social allowances, and death or widow benefits.
- Exceptional pay (retirement indemnity, pay on termination, annual profit-share bonuses) follows art 131: average the last 12 months of pay and work out a reference tax on it.
- IBN: profit as for companies (art 84), with straight-line depreciation only, no bad debt provisions and losses carried 3 years (art 84.2). Owner's pay, personal costs and rent paid to oneself are not deductible (art 85). Mixed-use costs that cannot be split are 50% deductible, and representation costs 50% (art 85.3, 85.4). IBN taxpayers cannot use the art 78 investment credit (art 84.2.d), although art 78.5 names IBN.
- DGRA deductions (art 29.2): home loan interest on a main home in the country, court-ordered maintenance, pension and social payments, mutual fund payments, professional association fees, school fees for up to 10 children under 25.
- Income at or below the annual minimum wage is exempt, with amounts paid on account set off or refunded (art 29.6).
- Tax already paid on each income type is credited in the DGRA (art 29.4).

## Deadlines and filing

| Item | Deadline | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Employer salary tax | 15 days into the month after withholding, with a schedule of payees (art 132) | https://boe.gob.gq/files/LEY%20TRIBUTARIA.pdf |
| IBN Declaracion Estadistica y Fiscal | 1 January to 30 April after the year (art 86.3) | same |
| IBN minimum | 15 July and 15 January (art 80.2) | same |
| REAM final tax | 30 April of the tax year (art 94.3) | same |
| IRCM withholding | 15th of the following month (art 107.2) | same |
| DGRA and payment | 30 April of the following year; refunds or set-off October to December (art 29.7) | same |

Steps for any self-assessed tax: download the form from the https://minhacienda-gob.com/formularios-de-declaraciones-fiscales page, complete it, pay at one of the Treasury's banks shown on the form (BANGE, BGFI, CCEIBANK, SGBGE, ECOBANK), then lodge the form and bank proof at the Ministry. The Ministry and the Treasury then verify. This route is the Minister's own description at https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticias/presentacion_oficial_de_la_nueva_ley_general_tributaria_de_guinea_ecuatorial. The tax administration designs the DGRA form (art 29.8); it is not on the forms page.

## Penalties and interest

Late filing or payment carries a surcharge of 5% if regularised within 15 days, 10% beyond one month without a moratorium request, 15% after a formal demand (art 410). Interest runs at 2.5% a month or part of a month (art 412). Under-declaration: 10%, rising to 15%, and 25% for fraud (art 411.A). Assessment rights lapse after 4 years (art 338).

## Cross-border points

Non-residents pay 15% on capital income and salary. Foreign capital income of a resident is declared, with foreign tax offset where a double tax treaty exists (arts 104.10, 109). A non-resident also pays IRCM on gains from shares in a company registered here if held for the previous 183 days, or holding at least 25% (art 103.2). See [Cross-border](gq-cross-border.md).

## Two worked examples that recompute

**Resident employee, net taxable income 6,000,000 XAF.** Tax at the top of the 10% band is 360,000. The 1,000,000 above 5,000,000 at 15% adds 150,000. Tax is 510,000.

```oa-check
name: Resident salary 6,000,000
inputs:
  net: 6000000
steps:
  - band_15: (net - 5000000) * 0.15
  - tax: 360000 + band_15
expected:
  tax: 510000
```

**Decision: IBN or REAM for a trader in a regional capital, turnover 20,000,000 and profit 8,000,000.** IBN is 25% of profit, 2,000,000, against a minimum of 300,000. REAM at 5% of turnover is 1,000,000 and final (art 95). REAM saves 1,000,000, but the customer cannot be charged VAT and input VAT is lost (art 90.3). Opting for IBN is irrevocable (art 91.2). Check the Patente category before comparing.

```oa-check
name: IBN against REAM
inputs:
  turnover: 20000000
  profit: 8000000
steps:
  - ibn: max(profit * 0.25, turnover * 0.015)
  - ream: turnover * 0.05
  - saving: ibn - ream
expected:
  ibn: 2000000
  ream: 1000000
  saving: 1000000
```

## Ask the client first

1. Residence: home, centre of interests, days in the country?
2. Employee, self-employed or both?
3. Annual gross income, and where is the business located?
4. Other income: rent, dividends, interest, foreign income?
5. Which year did the activity start?

## Sources

| Source | URL | Read on |
|---|---|---|
| Ley 1/2024 General Tributaria, Boletin Oficial del Estado scan, read by OCR; arts 1, 13, 29, 52, 84 to 95, 103 to 109, 117, 122 to 132, 338, 410 to 412 read | https://boe.gob.gq/files/LEY%20TRIBUTARIA.pdf | 2026-11-01 |
| Ley 9/2025, 2026 Budget Law, Title II arts 13 and 14 read | https://minhacienda-gob.com/uploads/2026/05/libro-lpge-2026-bcb5ebfc7795.pdf | 2026-11-01 |
| Ministry of Finance, tax return forms page, list read | https://minhacienda-gob.com/formularios-de-declaraciones-fiscales | 2026-11-01 |
| Government press office, 13 Jan 2025 presentation, read in full (filing route) | https://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticias/presentacion_oficial_de_la_nueva_ley_general_tributaria_de_guinea_ecuatorial | 2026-11-01 |

The law is a scan with no text layer: figures were read from machine OCR, and the salary scale from the page image. It applies to tax year 2026; the 2026 Budget Law (Ley 9/2025) changes it only where stated.

Not yet confirmed: annual minimum wage figure; the DGRA form; whether art 130.3 reaches every non-resident, since it refers to art 126 points 1.b and 2.b and 2.b is a residence test; whether all individuals must file a DGRA or only some; old filing date note replaced by art 29.7.