Source-cited draft: company formation & entity choice for Turkmenistan (tax year 2025) — rates, thresholds and rules with primary-source citations. Unverified; pending local-accountant review.
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Built by Michael Cutajar and the OpenAccountants team. Written from the official sources it cites.
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Every figure is drawn from this Guide and cited to its source.
Limited Liability Company (LLC)
Most common vehicle for trading, services and local operations; liability limited to capital contributionsCivil Code of Turkmenistan / Law on Enterprises — https://www.healyconsultants.com/turkmenistan-company-registration/setup-llc/
Joint-stock company (open/closed)
Used for larger capital-raising or share offeringsLaw of Turkmenistan on Joint-Stock Companies
Branch / representative office
Liaison, marketing or operation under a foreign parent; not a separate legal entityCivil Code of Turkmenistan
Minimum shareholders (LLC)
At least 2 shareholders (individuals or corporate entities) ((approx — confirm; single-member may be permitted))Law on Enterprises of Turkmenistan — https://chandrawatpartners.com/llc-incorporation-in-turkmenistan-a-practical-professional-overview-for-investors-across-the-world/
Minimum directors (LLC)
At least 1 director; need not be a Turkmenistan national or residentLaw on Enterprises of Turkmenistan — https://chandrawatpartners.com/llc-incorporation-in-turkmenistan-a-practical-professional-overview-for-investors-across-the-world/
Minimum share capital (LLC)
Varies by source and sector; commonly cited around 5,000 TMT, with substantially higher minimums (e.g. USD 20,000) reported for foreign-invested entities ((approx — confirm against current rules))Law on Enterprises of Turkmenistan — https://www.healyconsultants.com/turkmenistan-company-registration/setup-llc/
Capital payment schedule
Half of share capital paid up initially, balance within one year of registration ((approx — confirm))Law on Enterprises of Turkmenistan — https://chandrawatpartners.com/llc-incorporation-in-turkmenistan-a-practical-professional-overview-for-investors-across-the-world/
Incorporation step 1
Reserve a company name with the Ministry of Finance and EconomyMinistry of Finance and Economy of Turkmenistan
Incorporation step 2
Prepare the company charter and obtain notarized copiesCivil Code of Turkmenistan
Incorporation step 3
Open a bank account and deposit the required share capitalLaw on Enterprises of Turkmenistan
Incorporation step 4
Register the company with the State Tax ServiceTax Code of Turkmenistan
Foreign ownership
No general legal cap on foreign ownership; wholly foreign-owned enterprises permitted in most sectorsLaw of Turkmenistan on Foreign Investments — https://chandrawatpartners.com/llc-incorporation-in-turkmenistan-a-practical-professional-overview-for-investors-across-the-world/
Core annual compliance
Annual financial statements, annual tax declarations (profits tax, VAT where registered), and monthly payroll/contribution reportingTax Code of Turkmenistan
Investment incentives
Available incentives may include tax exemptions, duty-free import of machinery/equipment, and profit/dividend repatriation rights ((approx — confirm current programs))Law of Turkmenistan on Foreign Investments
Rendered from the canonical facts model. General reference only — confirm with a qualified professional before acting.
Foreign investors in Turkmenistan most commonly use a Limited Liability Company (LLC), a joint-stock company, or a branch/representative office. Registration runs through the Ministry of Finance and Economy and the State Tax Service.
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