Not tax advice. Computation tools only. Have a professional review before filing.
tax-calendar/us/us-federal-form-1040-april-15
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Federal Form 1040 — Individual Income Tax Return

The main US federal individual income tax return for tax year 2025. Every US resident and citizen with income above the filing threshold needs to file this (or request an extension) by April 15, 2026.

Filing deadline

April 15, 2026

Country
United States
Tax year
2025
Extension
2026-10-15

What is this deadline?

Form 1040 is the core US federal individual income tax return. It covers all your 2025 income — wages, self-employment, investment, rental — and reconciles total tax with what was withheld or paid through estimates.

Who needs to file?

Effectively every US resident or citizen with gross income over the filing threshold (~$14,600 single, $29,200 MFJ for 2025). Self-employed: you file if you had $400+ in net SE earnings.

Key dates

  • Filing deadline: April 15, 2026
  • Extension deadline: October 15, 2026 (via Form 4868) — extension of time to file, not time to pay
  • Payment deadline: April 15, 2026 — any balance due is owed today, even if you extend
  • Expats: automatic 2-month extension to June 15, 2026

How to file

  • E-file via tax software or a CPA
  • IRS Free File if AGI < $79,000
  • Direct Pay or EFTPS for any balance due

What people miss

  • Schedule C for sole proprietors — line-by-line business P&L
  • Schedule SE — self-employment tax (both sides of FICA for SE)
  • Form 8829 for home office actual expenses (alternative to the $5/sq ft simplified method)
  • QBI deduction (§199A) — up to 20% deduction on qualifying business income, phased out above income thresholds
  • Solo 401(k) employer contribution — can be funded up to the extended due date even if you file on time
  • State return is separate and usually due the same day
  • Estimated tax Q1 for 2026 is also due today

If you miss the deadline

  • Failure-to-file penalty: 5% of unpaid tax per month, max 25%
  • Failure-to-pay penalty: 0.5% per month
  • Interest on unpaid balance
  • File Form 4868 by April 15 to avoid the failure-to-file penalty (much larger than failure-to-pay)

Prepare this return with open-source skills

These skills are in the OpenAccountants repo. Clone them into Claude, Cursor, or any AI agent and they handle the computation.

us-federal-return-assembly.mdUS

Tier 2 orchestrator skill that assembles the complete federal income tax return package for US freelance software developers filing as sole proprietors or single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax. Sequences the upstream content skills (bookkeeping, SE computation, retirement, SE health insurance, QBI, estimated tax) in dependency order, resolves circular computations between SE health insurance and retirement contributions, produces Form 1040 with all required schedules (Schedule 1, Schedule 2, Schedule 3, Schedule C, Schedule SE, Schedule D if needed, Form 8829, Form 4562, Form 8995 or 8995-A, Form 8962 if marketplace coverage, Form 2210 if penalty, Form 7206), performs cross-form reconciliation checks, and produces the final reviewer package. Does not itself compute tax amounts — delegates to upstream content skills. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.2 or later and all content skills it orchestrates. Federal only.

us-qbi-deduction.mdUS

Tier 2 content skill for computing the §199A Qualified Business Income deduction for US sole proprietors and single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax purposes. Covers tax year 2025 under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (P.L. 119-21, July 4 2025) which made §199A permanent at 20% for 2025 (rising to 23% for 2026+). Handles the QBI calculation from Schedule C net profit, the deductible SE tax and SE health insurance adjustments, the taxable income thresholds ($197,300 single / $394,600 MFJ), phase-in ranges for SSTB and W-2/UBIA limitations, the specified service trade or business (SSTB) classification, W-2 wage and UBIA of qualified property limitations, the interaction with retirement contributions, and Forms 8995 (simplified) and 8995-A (detailed). Consumes net profit from us-schedule-c-and-se-computation and SE health insurance / retirement from companion skills. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.1 or later. Federal only. No state tax.

us-schedule-c-and-se-computation.mdUS

Tier 2 content skill for computing Schedule C bottom line, Form 8829 home office (actual method), and Schedule SE self-employment tax for US sole proprietors and single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax. Covers tax year 2025 with the 2025 Social Security wage base of $176,100, the 92.35% net SE earnings adjustment under IRC 1402(a)(12), the 12.4% OASDI rate, the 2.9% Medicare rate, and the 0.9% Additional Medicare Tax thresholds. Handles Schedule C Lines 1-32, the 280A home office gross income limitation and carryover, Form 8829 indirect expense allocation, the 1402 net SE earnings computation, the optional methods under 1402(a)(15) and 1402(l), the deductible half of SE tax under 164(f), and the at-risk indicators on Line 32. Consumes classified transactions from us-sole-prop-bookkeeping. Defers QBI, retirement, SE health insurance, and quarterly estimated tax to companion skills. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.1+. Federal only. ALWAYS read this skill before computing Schedule C, SE tax, or home office deductions.

us-self-employed-health-insurance.mdUS

Tier 2 content skill for computing the self-employed health insurance deduction under IRC §162(l) for US sole proprietors and single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax purposes. Covers tax year 2025 rules including the 100% deduction for medical, dental, vision, and qualified long-term care premiums, the age-based long-term care premium limits, the net SE earnings limitation, the employer-sponsored plan eligibility bar, the Medicare premium eligibility rules (Parts A voluntary, B, D, Medigap), COBRA continuation premiums, ACA Marketplace interaction with the Premium Tax Credit, the month-by-month coverage calculation, and the Schedule 1 Line 17 reporting position. Consumes Schedule C net profit and SE tax from us-schedule-c-and-se-computation. Feeds QBI computation in us-qbi-deduction. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.1 or later. Federal only. No state tax.

us-self-employed-retirement.mdUS

Tier 2 content skill for computing the self-employed retirement contribution deduction for US sole proprietors and single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax purposes. Covers tax year 2025 SEP-IRA, Solo 401(k), SIMPLE IRA, and traditional/Roth IRA options with SECURE 2.0 super catch-up provisions. Handles the net SE earnings calculation, the 92.35% adjustment, the employer contribution formula (20% effective rate for sole props), employee deferral limits ($23,500), catch-up and super catch-up contributions, the SEP-IRA 25% limit ($70,000 cap), SIMPLE IRA rules, traditional and Roth IRA income limits and deductibility phase-outs, and establishment/contribution deadlines. Consumes Schedule C net profit and SE tax from us-schedule-c-and-se-computation. Feeds QBI computation in us-qbi-deduction. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.1 or later. Federal only. No state tax.

us-sole-prop-bookkeeping.mdUS

Tier 2 content skill for classifying business transactions into US federal Schedule C (Form 1040) line items for sole proprietors and single-member LLCs disregarded for federal tax. Covers tax year 2025 under OBBBA (P.L. 119-21) with post-OBBBA depreciation rules, permanent QBI framework, and new tip/overtime/auto loan interest deductions. Handles Schedule C Parts I-V, the §162 ordinary and necessary standard, §263 capitalization, §280A home office, §280F vehicle and listed property, §274 substantiation and meals, §168(k) bonus depreciation cutoff at January 19 2025, §179 expensing, §471(c) small business inventory exception, §183 hobby loss, and §6001 / §274(d) recordkeeping. Defers Schedule C net profit, Schedule SE, QBI, retirement contributions, and quarterly estimated tax to companion content skills. MUST be loaded alongside us-tax-workflow-base v0.1 or later. Federal only. No state tax.

This page is informational only and not tax advice. Verify dates and requirements against the official tax authority before filing.