Belgian personal income tax (personenbelasting / impot des personnes physiques) for employees and pensioners who are Belgian residents, for income 2026 (assessment year 2027). Covers the art. 130 scale (25%, 40%, 45%, 50%), the tax-free amount of EUR 11,550 and its supplements for children and de…
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Accountant-authored. Written and published by Ryan Duguid, an accountant approved on OpenAccountants. Their licence number is not on file. Their registration is in Australia; this skill covers Belgium. General reference material, not advice on your specific facts; don't file, pay, or take a position on it without a professional reviewing your situation.
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| Item | Rate or amount | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tax scale | 25% to EUR 16,720; 40% from EUR 16,720 to EUR 29,510; 45% from EUR 29,510 to EUR 51,070; 50% above EUR 51,070. Applied to each spouse separately in a joint assessment | Income 2026 | Art. 130 WIB 92 |
| Tax-free amount, basic | EUR 11,550 per taxpayer; plus EUR 2,030 if the taxpayer is disabled | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 131 WIB 92 |
| Supplements for dependent children (total, not per child) | 1 child EUR 2,130; 2 children EUR 5,130; 3 children EUR 11,440; 4 children EUR 18,510; each child above four EUR 7,070 more. Extra EUR 740 per child under 3 on 1 January 2027 (not combined with the childcare reduction). A disabled child counts as two | Income 2026 | Art. 132 WIB 92 |
| Other dependants | EUR 5,950 for a dependant aged 66 or over in need of care; EUR 1,980 for any other dependant | Income 2026 | Art. 132 WIB 92 |
| Single parent supplement | EUR 1,980 for a taxpayer taxed alone with a dependent child. Plus up to EUR 1,290 more when taxable income is under EUR 24,990 (full at EUR 19,720 or less, tapering between), net professional income is at least EUR 4,200, and only children and close relatives live in the household on 1 January 2027 | Income 2026 | Art. 133 WIB 92 |
| Tax on the tax-free amount (deducted from the scale tax) | 25% up to EUR 11,750; 30% from EUR 11,750 to EUR 16,720; 40% to EUR 27,860; 45% to EUR 51,070; 50% above | Income 2026 | Art. 134, §2 WIB 92 |
| Refundable child credit | Unused tax on the child supplements becomes a refundable credit, up to EUR 550 per dependent child (not indexed) | Income 2026 | Art. 134, §3 WIB 92 |
| Lump-sum professional expenses, employees | 30% of gross taxable pay after employee social security, capped at EUR 6,070 | Income 2026 | Art. 51 WIB 92 |
| Employee social security (deducted before tax) | 13.07% of gross pay (pensions 7.50, health care 3.55, benefits 1.15, unemployment 0.87). For blue-collar workers (arbeiders) the pay is declared at 108%, so the contribution is charged on 108% of gross pay | 2026 | RSZ administrative instructions 2026/3 |
| Marital quotient | 30% of the earning spouse's net professional income is moved to a spouse with none, capped at EUR 11,780 (EUR 12,790 if both are 66 or over on 1 January 2027). If the other spouse earns less than 30% of the total, a top-up to 30% within the same cap | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 87 and art. 88 WIB 92 |
| Fiscal work bonus (low pay) | Credit of 33.14% of part A and 63% of part B of the social security work bonus actually granted; at most EUR 2,000 a year. The social work bonus for white-collar staff: part A up to EUR 127.54 and part B up to EUR 171.99 a month; none above a monthly reference pay of EUR 3,336.98 (July and August 2026) or EUR 3,403.62 (from 1 September 2026) | Income 2026 | Art. 289ter/1 WIB 92; RSZ administrative instructions 2026/3, work bonus |
| Pension and replacement income reduction | Pensions only, other replacement income only, or living wage (leefloon) only: EUR 2,182.06 basic plus EUR 467.87 additional; sickness and invalidity benefits only: EUR 2,959.25; unemployment only: EUR 545.51; pro rata when mixed with other income | Income 2026 | Art. 147 WIB 92 |
| Income limit on that reduction | Unemployment reduction lost from EUR 29,190 taxable income (tapers from EUR 21,810), art. 151. The additional reduction for pensions, living wage and other replacement income is lost from EUR 29,490 (tapers from EUR 20,110), art. 151/1. Pension reductions: tapered to one third between EUR 29,490 and EUR 58,980, one third up to EUR 60,260, tapering to nil at EUR 72,310 and none above, art. 151/2. Other reductions (sickness and invalidity): cut to one third from EUR 58,980, tapering from EUR 29,490, art. 152 | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 151, art. 151/1, art. 151/2 and art. 152 WIB 92 |
| Pension savings | 30% reduction on up to EUR 1,050; or, by an irrevocable choice told to the provider, 25% on up to EUR 1,350 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/8 and art. 145/2 WIB 92 |
| Long-term savings (individual life insurance, capital repayments on a loan for a home other than your own, taken out by 31 December 2023) | 30% reduction; payments capped at 15% of the first EUR 2,040 of professional income plus 6% of the rest, at most EUR 2,450 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/1, 145/2 and art. 145/6 WIB 92 |
| Employer shares bought as an employee | 30% reduction on up to EUR 820; not in the same year as pension savings | Income 2026 | Art. 145/7 WIB 92 |
| Gifts to approved institutions | 30% reduction; at least EUR 40 per institution per year with an attestation; capped at 10% of total net income and EUR 408,130 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/33 WIB 92 |
| Childcare | 45% reduction on costs up to EUR 17.30 per day per child under 14 (under 21 if severely disabled), paid to approved providers | Income 2026 | Art. 145/35 WIB 92 |
| Service vouchers and PWA cheques | Regional reduction: the federal text sets a 30% rate on a base of EUR 920, but the indexed amounts are in each region's version (Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels) | Income 2026 | Art. 145/21 WIB 92 |
| Energy-saving expenses in a home | Federal reduction repealed from assessment year 2026 (law of 18 December 2025) | From income 2025 | Art. 145/24 WIB 92 |
| Municipal surcharge | Rate set by each municipality, one decimal; charged on the total tax. The rate is the one in the municipal regulation in force by 31 January 2027; without one, the rate for the previous assessment year applies (art. 468). Withholding and prepayments collect it as if it were 6.7% | Income 2026 | Art. 466, art. 468 and art. 469 WIB 92 |
| Late payment interest | 4% a year for calendar years 2026 and 2027 | 2026, 2027 | Law of 5 May 1865, art. 2, §2/1; art. 414 WIB 92 |
| Tax increase | 10% to 200% of the tax on undeclared or late income; none for a first offence in good faith, presumed | Income 2026 | Art. 444 WIB 92 |
General reference only. This skill is general tax reference material for AI-assisted work. It has not been reviewed for any person's facts. Do not rely on it to file, pay or take a tax position without review by a qualified professional in Belgium.
This skill computes the annual personal income tax of a Belgian resident whose income is pay from employment or a pension. It links to the other Belgian skills instead of repeating them:
be-income-taxbelgium-payrollbe-capital-gainsbe-cross-borderbe-social-contributionsbe-cross-border for the test) taxed on worldwide income in the personenbelasting.Out: company directors (3% lump sum, see be-income-tax and be-corporate-tax), the self-employed, and non-residents (belasting niet-inwoners, see be-cross-border).
Income year 2026 is assessment year 2027. All figures below are the indexed amounts for income 2026 as printed in Fisconetplus. Several were changed by the law of 15 July 2026 (Belgian Official Gazette 29 July 2026), which applies from assessment year 2027.
| Item | Rate or amount | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tax scale | 25% to EUR 16,720; 40% from EUR 16,720 to EUR 29,510; 45% from EUR 29,510 to EUR 51,070; 50% above EUR 51,070. Applied to each spouse separately in a joint assessment | Income 2026 | Art. 130 WIB 92 |
| Tax-free amount, basic | EUR 11,550 per taxpayer; plus EUR 2,030 if the taxpayer is disabled | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 131 WIB 92 |
| Supplements for dependent children (total, not per child) | 1 child EUR 2,130; 2 children EUR 5,130; 3 children EUR 11,440; 4 children EUR 18,510; each child above four EUR 7,070 more. Extra EUR 740 per child under 3 on 1 January 2027 (not combined with the childcare reduction). A disabled child counts as two | Income 2026 | Art. 132 WIB 92 |
| Other dependants | EUR 5,950 for a dependant aged 66 or over in need of care; EUR 1,980 for any other dependant | Income 2026 | Art. 132 WIB 92 |
| Single parent supplement | EUR 1,980 for a taxpayer taxed alone with a dependent child. Plus up to EUR 1,290 more when taxable income is under EUR 24,990 (full at EUR 19,720 or less, tapering between), net professional income is at least EUR 4,200, and only children and close relatives live in the household on 1 January 2027 | Income 2026 | Art. 133 WIB 92 |
| Tax on the tax-free amount (deducted from the scale tax) | 25% up to EUR 11,750; 30% from EUR 11,750 to EUR 16,720; 40% to EUR 27,860; 45% to EUR 51,070; 50% above | Income 2026 | Art. 134, §2 WIB 92 |
| Refundable child credit | Unused tax on the child supplements becomes a refundable credit, up to EUR 550 per dependent child (not indexed) | Income 2026 | Art. 134, §3 WIB 92 |
| Lump-sum professional expenses, employees | 30% of gross taxable pay after employee social security, capped at EUR 6,070 | Income 2026 | Art. 51 WIB 92 |
| Employee social security (deducted before tax) | 13.07% of gross pay (pensions 7.50, health care 3.55, benefits 1.15, unemployment 0.87). For blue-collar workers (arbeiders) the pay is declared at 108%, so the contribution is charged on 108% of gross pay | 2026 | RSZ administrative instructions 2026/3 |
| Marital quotient | 30% of the earning spouse's net professional income is moved to a spouse with none, capped at EUR 11,780 (EUR 12,790 if both are 66 or over on 1 January 2027). If the other spouse earns less than 30% of the total, a top-up to 30% within the same cap | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 87 and art. 88 WIB 92 |
| Fiscal work bonus (low pay) | Credit of 33.14% of part A and 63% of part B of the social security work bonus actually granted; at most EUR 2,000 a year. The social work bonus for white-collar staff: part A up to EUR 127.54 and part B up to EUR 171.99 a month; none above a monthly reference pay of EUR 3,336.98 (July and August 2026) or EUR 3,403.62 (from 1 September 2026) | Income 2026 | Art. 289ter/1 WIB 92; RSZ administrative instructions 2026/3, work bonus |
| Pension and replacement income reduction | Pensions only, other replacement income only, or living wage (leefloon) only: EUR 2,182.06 basic plus EUR 467.87 additional; sickness and invalidity benefits only: EUR 2,959.25; unemployment only: EUR 545.51; pro rata when mixed with other income | Income 2026 | Art. 147 WIB 92 |
| Income limit on that reduction | Unemployment reduction lost from EUR 29,190 taxable income (tapers from EUR 21,810), art. 151. The additional reduction for pensions, living wage and other replacement income is lost from EUR 29,490 (tapers from EUR 20,110), art. 151/1. Pension reductions: tapered to one third between EUR 29,490 and EUR 58,980, one third up to EUR 60,260, tapering to nil at EUR 72,310 and none above, art. 151/2. Other reductions (sickness and invalidity): cut to one third from EUR 58,980, tapering from EUR 29,490, art. 152 | Income 2026 (law of 15 July 2026) | Art. 151, art. 151/1, art. 151/2 and art. 152 WIB 92 |
| Pension savings | 30% reduction on up to EUR 1,050; or, by an irrevocable choice told to the provider, 25% on up to EUR 1,350 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/8 and art. 145/2 WIB 92 |
| Long-term savings (individual life insurance, capital repayments on a loan for a home other than your own, taken out by 31 December 2023) | 30% reduction; payments capped at 15% of the first EUR 2,040 of professional income plus 6% of the rest, at most EUR 2,450 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/1, 145/2 and art. 145/6 WIB 92 |
| Employer shares bought as an employee | 30% reduction on up to EUR 820; not in the same year as pension savings | Income 2026 | Art. 145/7 WIB 92 |
| Gifts to approved institutions | 30% reduction; at least EUR 40 per institution per year with an attestation; capped at 10% of total net income and EUR 408,130 | Income 2026 | Art. 145/33 WIB 92 |
| Childcare | 45% reduction on costs up to EUR 17.30 per day per child under 14 (under 21 if severely disabled), paid to approved providers | Income 2026 | Art. 145/35 WIB 92 |
| Service vouchers and PWA cheques | Regional reduction: the federal text sets a 30% rate on a base of EUR 920, but the indexed amounts are in each region's version (Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels) | Income 2026 | Art. 145/21 WIB 92 |
| Energy-saving expenses in a home | Federal reduction repealed from assessment year 2026 (law of 18 December 2025) | From income 2025 | Art. 145/24 WIB 92 |
| Municipal surcharge | Rate set by each municipality, one decimal; charged on the total tax. The rate is the one in the municipal regulation in force by 31 January 2027; without one, the rate for the previous assessment year applies (art. 468). Withholding and prepayments collect it as if it were 6.7% | Income 2026 | Art. 466, art. 468 and art. 469 WIB 92 |
| Late payment interest | 4% a year for calendar years 2026 and 2027 | 2026, 2027 | Law of 5 May 1865, art. 2, §2/1; art. 414 WIB 92 |
| Tax increase | 10% to 200% of the tax on undeclared or late income; none for a first offence in good faith, presumed | Income 2026 | Art. 444 WIB 92 |
Work through the return in this order.
belgium-payroll.be-capital-gains.Pensioners. Statutory pensions and pensions from the second pillar are taxed on the scale. The reduction of art. 147 brings the tax on a small pension down; in full it applies only when the net income consists only of pensions. Lump sums from group insurance and similar can be taxed separately at fixed rates (art. 171); check the payer's form 281.11.
| What | When | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Paper return | By 30 June 2027 for income 2026, and at least one month after the form is sent | Art. 308, §1 WIB 92 |
| Electronic return in Tax-on-web (MyMinfin) | By 15 July 2027 for income 2026, and at least one month after the electronic return is made available | Art. 308, §1 WIB 92 |
| Electronic return with foreign professional income, or with self-employed or director income | By 16 October 2027, and at least five months after the electronic return is available | Art. 308/1 WIB 92 |
| No form received | Ask the tax office for one by 15 June 2027, unless you used Tax-on-web last year or receive a simplified proposal | Art. 308, §3 WIB 92 |
| Simplified proposal (voorstel van vereenvoudigde aangifte) | Sent to taxpayers exempted from filing. It shows the base and the tax. If it is wrong or incomplete, tell the administration within one month of it being sent; otherwise it counts as your return, and an uncorrected error counts as a wrong return | Art. 306 WIB 92 |
| Paying a balance | Within two months of the assessment notice being sent | Art. 413 WIB 92 |
The exact Tax-on-web opening and closing dates for income 2026 are not yet published; see "Not yet confirmed". The legal end dates above apply unless the form gives a later date.
be-cross-border.be-cross-border.belgium-payroll and be-cross-border.Facts: a single resident employee, no children, gross pay EUR 50,000 in 2026, no other income, no reductions, uses the lump sum. The municipality's rate is assumed to be 7%. The employer withheld EUR 10,900 in payroll withholding (an input from form 281.10). The regional surcharge is assumed to offset the federal autonomy cut exactly.
name: Single employee, gross pay EUR 50,000, income 2026
inputs:
gross: 50000
employee_ss_rate: 0.1307
lump_rate: 0.30
lump_cap: 6070
tax_free: 11550
municipal_rate: 0.07
withholding: 10900
steps:
- employee_ss: gross * employee_ss_rate
- taxable_pay: gross - employee_ss
- lump_sum: min(taxable_pay * lump_rate, lump_cap)
- taxable_income: taxable_pay - lump_sum
- band_25: min(taxable_income, 16720) * 0.25
- band_40: (min(taxable_income, 29510) - 16720) * 0.40
- band_45: (min(taxable_income, 51070) - 29510) * 0.45
- band_50: max(taxable_income - 51070, 0) * 0.50
- scale_tax: band_25 + band_40 + band_45 + band_50
- tax_on_tax_free: min(tax_free, 11750) * 0.25
- tax_after_tax_free: scale_tax - tax_on_tax_free
- municipal: round(tax_after_tax_free * municipal_rate, 2)
- total_tax: tax_after_tax_free + municipal
- refund: withholding - total_tax
expected:
employee_ss: 6535
taxable_pay: 43465
lump_sum: 6070
taxable_income: 37395
scale_tax: 12844.25
tax_on_tax_free: 2887.50
tax_after_tax_free: 9956.75
municipal: 696.97
total_tax: 10653.72
refund: 246.28
Facts: a married resident couple, both under 66, no children. One partner earns gross pay of EUR 80,000 in 2026; the other has no income. Lump sum, no reductions. Municipal rate assumed 7%. Withholding EUR 17,000 (an input). Same regional assumption as Example 1.
name: Married couple, one earner on gross EUR 80,000, marital quotient, income 2026
inputs:
gross: 80000
employee_ss_rate: 0.1307
lump_cap: 6070
quotient_rate: 0.30
quotient_cap: 11780
tax_free: 11550
municipal_rate: 0.07
withholding: 17000
steps:
- taxable_pay: gross - gross * employee_ss_rate
- net_prof: taxable_pay - min(taxable_pay * 0.30, lump_cap)
- quotient: min(net_prof * quotient_rate, quotient_cap)
- earner_income: net_prof - quotient
- earner_scale: min(earner_income, 16720) * 0.25 + (min(earner_income, 29510) - 16720) * 0.40 + (min(earner_income, 51070) - 29510) * 0.45 + max(earner_income - 51070, 0) * 0.50
- tax_on_tax_free: tax_free * 0.25
- earner_tax: earner_scale - tax_on_tax_free
- spouse_tax: max(min(quotient, 16720) * 0.25 - tax_on_tax_free, 0)
- couple_tax: earner_tax + spouse_tax
- no_quotient_scale: 4180 + 5116 + (51070 - 29510) * 0.45 + (net_prof - 51070) * 0.50
- pooled_tax_free: tax_free * 2
- no_quotient_tax_free_tax: 11750 * 0.25 + (16720 - 11750) * 0.30 + (pooled_tax_free - 16720) * 0.40
- no_quotient_tax: no_quotient_scale - no_quotient_tax_free_tax
- saving: no_quotient_tax - couple_tax
- municipal: round(couple_tax * municipal_rate, 2)
- total_tax: couple_tax + municipal
- balance_due: total_tax - withholding
expected:
net_prof: 63474
quotient: 11780
earner_income: 51694
earner_scale: 19310
earner_tax: 16422.50
spouse_tax: 57.50
couple_tax: 16480
no_quotient_scale: 25200
no_quotient_tax_free_tax: 6980.50
no_quotient_tax: 18219.50
saving: 1739.50
municipal: 1153.60
total_tax: 17633.60
balance_due: 633.60
Not yet confirmed: the Tax-on-web opening date and any administrative extension for income 2026 (FPS Finance pages at financien.belgium.be were behind a human-verification check and could not be read; the legal end dates of art. 308 are given instead); the regional surcharge rates and the autonomy factor for income 2026 that split the basic tax between the federal state and the regions (the examples assume they offset exactly); the indexed regional amounts for service vouchers and the regional home loan rules; the detail of the new minimum tax credit for dependent children in chapter 2 of the law of 15 July 2026; which date fixes the municipality whose rate applies; the social work bonus amounts and ceilings for January to June 2026 (RSZ 2026/3 shows only the amounts from 1 July 2026) and for blue-collar workers in detail.
Contributed by Ryan Duguid.
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