MA Financial Statements

Morocco — Financial Statements & Financial Reporting (États de Synthèse)

This skill tells an AI agent who has to prepare formal financial statements in Morocco, what those statements are, and how they are filed — organised by tax regime and legal form. It does not compute the tax (that is ma-income-tax, ma-cpu, ma-auto-entrepreneur) and it does not govern the underlying books and invoices (that is ma-bookkeeping). It governs the output of the accounting system: the états de synthèse under the Code Général de Normalisation Comptable (CGNC).

The central message for a self-employed reader:

• Auto-entrepreneur (AE) and Contribution Professionnelle Unique (CPU) taxpayers do NOT prepare formal financial statements. They keep simple registers (registre des recettes / registre des recettes et des achats — see ma-bookkeeping). No bilan, no CPC.
• Résultat Net Réel (RNR) taxpayers and companies (SARL, SA, etc.) prepare the full états de synthèse under the CGNC.
• Résultat Net Simplifié (RNS) prepares a reduced set of statements.

This skill replies in the user's language. Moroccan users mix English, French, and Darija — keep the native terms (CGNC, états de synthèse, bilan, CPC, ESG, tableau de financement, ETIC, commissaire aux comptes, dépôt légal, DGI) and explain them in the user's chosen language.

1. Quick Reference

Quick Reference

Field	Value
Country	Morocco (MA)
Scope	Financial statements / financial reporting obligations by regime and legal form
Currency	MAD (dirham marocain, DH)
Authority	Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI) — tax.gov.ma (filing with the tax return); greffe du tribunal de commerce (dépôt légal)
Standards	CGNC (Code Général de Normalisation Comptable) for statutory/individual accounts; IFRS for banks/insurers and (optionally) listed groups — consolidated accounts only
Accounting law	Loi 9-88 on accounting obligations of traders (dahir 25 Dec 1992); Code de Commerce
Who prepares full états de synthèse	RNR taxpayers + companies (SARL, SA, SNC, SCS…)
Who prepares a reduced set	RNS taxpayers (simplified presentation) (verify the exact reduced set)
Who prepares NONE	Auto-entrepreneur and CPU — registers only (see ma-bookkeeping)
États de synthèse — modèle normal	5 components: Bilan, CPC, ESG, Tableau de financement (TF), ETIC — for turnover ≥ MAD 10,000,000 (verify threshold)
États de synthèse — modèle simplifié	Reduced set (Bilan + CPC at minimum; ESG dropped) — for turnover < MAD 10,000,000 (verify exact components — sources disagree)
Filing with DGI	États de synthèse attached to the annual IS/IR return via SIMPL (SIMPL-IS / SIMPL-IR), filed electronically
IS return deadline	Within 3 months of financial year-end (e.g. 31 March for a calendar-year close) (verify)
Dépôt légal (commercial court)	Companies deposit états de synthèse at the greffe du tribunal de commerce within 30 days of approval by the assemblée générale, now via electronic platform (verify)
Audit (commissaire aux comptes)	Mandatory for all SA; SARL and others when turnover > MAD 50,000,000 (HT) (verify)
Non-dépôt penalty	Fine reported at MAD 10,000–50,000 for failure to deposit at the court (verify amount and article)
Contributor	Open Accountants Community
Quality tier	Research-verified — pending sign-off by a Moroccan accountant (expert-comptable)
Version	1.0
Last research update	May 2026

Conservative defaults

When the regime, legal form, turnover, or threshold is missing or ambiguous, the agent applies the conservative default and flags it for the reviewer:

• Regime/form unknown → assume the taxpayer must prepare full états de synthèse under the CGNC until AE/CPU status is confirmed; never tell someone they are exempt from accounts without confirming the regime.
• AE/CPU confirmed → confirm they prepare no formal financial statements (registers only) and route the books question to ma-bookkeeping.
• Turnover near the MAD 10,000,000 line → assume the modèle normal (5 statements) applies, not the simplified model.
• Turnover near the MAD 50,000,000 line (non-SA) → assume a commissaire aux comptes is required and warn the user to engage one.
• Any figure marked (verify) → present as provisional; the reviewer confirms against the current CGNC / CGI / Loi de Finances 2026 / Code de Commerce before relying on it.

2. Who Prepares What

Match the taxpayer to a row first. The obligation scales sharply with regime and legal form.

Who Prepares What

Taxpayer	Formal financial statements?	What they produce	Frame
Auto-entrepreneur (AE)	No	Register of receipts only (see ma-bookkeeping)	Tax is libératoire on collected turnover; no bilan, no CPC
CPU	No	Register of receipts and purchases + vouchers	Exempt from CGNC états de synthèse
RNS (résultat net simplifié)	Reduced	Simplified états de synthèse	Full bookkeeping foundation, abbreviated statements
RNR (résultat net réel)	Yes — full	Complete états de synthèse (CGNC)	Same obligation as a company on the reporting side
Company (SARL, SA, …)	Yes — full	Complete états de synthèse (CGNC); IFRS if bank/insurer/listed group	Plus dépôt légal and possibly audit

2.1 What changes as a self-employed person grows

This is the core narrative for the reader:

1. Start as auto-entrepreneur → keep a register of receipts. You do not prepare or file any financial statements. Your tax is computed on collected turnover (see ma-auto-entrepreneur).
2. CPU → keep a register of receipts and purchases. Still no formal financial statements.
3. Move to RNR (by option, or because the turnover ceiling was exceeded for two consecutive years — verify in ma-income-tax / ma-cpu) → you now prepare the full états de synthèse under the CGNC every year and attach them to your IR return via SIMPL-IR. This is a large step up in obligation.
4. Incorporate (e.g. SARL) → the company prepares full états de synthèse, attaches them to the IS return via SIMPL-IS, deposits them at the greffe du tribunal de commerce (dépôt légal), and appoints a commissaire aux comptes if it is an SA or if turnover exceeds MAD 50,000,000 HT.

The agent must not let the reader assume incorporation is "the same as freelancing with a logo". Incorporation brings published accounts, dépôt légal, and possible statutory audit — all absent for AE/CPU.

3. The États de Synthèse (CGNC Components)

The CGNC (Code Général de Normalisation Comptable) is Morocco's accounting framework. It offers two models depending on size; the components below are the modèle normal set.

The five états de synthèse form an inseparable whole (un tout indissociable):

3.1 Bilan (balance sheet)

• Bilan — The patrimonial situation at the closing date: actif (assets) on one side, passif (equity + liabilities) on the other. Structured by the CGNC masses: actif immobilisé / actif circulant / trésorerie and financement permanent / passif circulant / trésorerie passif. (CGNC)

3.2 CPC — Compte de Produits et Charges (income statement)

• CPC — The profit-and-loss statement: produits (revenues) and charges (expenses) for the period, split into exploitation (operating), financier (financial), and non courant (non-recurring). Produces the résultat net (net result) of the year. (CGNC)

3.3 ESG — État des Soldes de Gestion (statement of management balances)

• ESG — Two cascading tables showing the formation of the net result (via the intermediate management balances — soldes intermédiaires de gestion) and the capacité d'autofinancement (CAF) — self-financing capacity. Required in the modèle normal; typically dropped in the modèle simplifié. (CGNC)

3.4 Tableau de financement (TF) — financing statement

• Tableau de financement (TF) — Shows the variation of resources and uses over the year (emplois et ressources), i.e. how the business financed its investments and how working capital moved. (CGNC)

3.5 ETIC — État des Informations Complémentaires (notes)

• ETIC — The explanatory notes that make the bilan and CPC understandable: accounting methods, detail of fixed assets and depreciation, debt maturity tables, provisions, commitments, and other disclosures required by the CGNC. (CGNC)

3.6 Modèle normal vs modèle simplifié

Modèle normal vs modèle simplifié

	Modèle normal	Modèle simplifié
Turnover trigger	≥ MAD 10,000,000 (verify)	< MAD 10,000,000 (verify)
Bilan	Yes	Yes
CPC	Yes	Yes
ESG	Yes	No (dropped)
Tableau de financement	Yes	(verify — sources disagree whether it is required)
ETIC	Yes (full)	Yes (abbreviated) (verify)

Caution: public secondary sources disagree on the exact component list of the modèle simplifié (some describe two statements, others four). The agent must present the simplified set as to be confirmed against the CGNC text and a Moroccan expert-comptable. The reliably distinguishing fact is that the ESG is not required in the simplified model.

3.7 IFRS — when it applies

• Banks and credit institutions — mandatory IFRS — mandatory IFRS for consolidated accounts, from periods beginning Jan 2008 (Bank Al-Maghrib Circular 56/G/2007)
• Insurance and reinsurance companies — IFRS required for their financial statements (reported from December 2022) (verify scope)
• Listed groups (AMMC-regulated) — an irrevocable option to use IFRS or local GAAP for consolidated accounts; most use IFRS in practice (AMMC)

Morocco's statutory / individual accounts are always prepared under the CGNC. IFRS applies only to consolidated accounts of specific entities:

A self-employed person or an ordinary SARL does not use IFRS — they use the CGNC. Do not tell a freelancer or a small company to prepare IFRS statements.

4. Audit / Commissaire aux Comptes

• Commissaire aux comptes (CAC) — A commissaire aux comptes (CAC) is the statutory auditor, appointed to certify that the états de synthèse are régulières et sincères. This is distinct from the expert-comptable who prepares/reviews the accounts.
• Société Anonyme (SA) — always requires at least one commissaire aux comptes, regardless of turnover (Loi 17-95 (verify))
• SARL and other commercial companies — CAC threshold — MAD 50,000,000 (HT) MAD (turnover at close of financial year exceeds this amount triggers mandatory CAC (verify)) (Loi 5-96 (verify))
• CAC on request — a CAC may also be required by the company statutes, or at the request of partners holding a defined minority stake (reported as ≥ 1/10 of the capital for SARL) (verify the exact percentage)

When the appointment is mandatory (verify against Loi 17-95 on SA and Loi 5-96 on SARL/others, as amended):

Other points:

• The mandate is typically 3 financial years, renewable (verify).
• The CAC must be enrolled with the Ordre des Experts-Comptables.
• Auto-entrepreneur, CPU, RNS, and RNR individuals are not subject to statutory audit — the CAC regime is a company-law obligation, not a personal-income-tax one. (RNR/RNS taxpayers may still engage an expert-comptable voluntarily.)

The agent must not tell a sole proprietor (any regime) that they need a commissaire aux comptes. It applies to companies meeting the form/threshold tests above.

5. Worked Examples

Example 1 — Freelance developer, auto-entrepreneur

• Activity: software services; turnover collected ≈ MAD 200,000/year.
• Financial statements? None. She keeps a register of receipts only (see ma-bookkeeping). No bilan, no CPC, no CGNC états de synthèse, no dépôt légal, no commissaire aux comptes.
• Filing: declares collected turnover under the AE channel (see ma-auto-entrepreneur); no financial statements are attached.
• Agent output: confirms no formal accounts, routes the records question to ma-bookkeeping, and flags that if she moves to RNR or incorporates, full états de synthèse under the CGNC begin.

Example 2 — IT consultant who moved to RNR, then asks about incorporating

• Activity: consultancy; exceeded the service ceiling for two consecutive years, now taxed under RNR; turnover ≈ MAD 3,000,000.
• As RNR (individual): must prepare full états de synthèse under the CGNC (Bilan, CPC, ESG, TF, ETIC — modèle simplifié components likely apply below MAD 10,000,000, verify) and attach them to the IR return via SIMPL-IR. He may engage an expert-comptable, but a commissaire aux comptes is not required for an individual.
• If he incorporates as a SARL: the company prepares the full états de synthèse, attaches them to the IS return (SIMPL-IS), and performs dépôt légal at the greffe within 30 days of the AG approval. A CAC is not yet required at MAD 3,000,000 turnover (below the MAD 50,000,000 line and not an SA) (verify).
• Agent output: distinguishes RNR-individual vs SARL obligations, flags the modèle normal/simplifié threshold, and notes the dépôt légal that incorporation adds.

6. Reference + Test Suite

Legal & source references

• CGNC — Code Général de Normalisation Comptable (the accounting framework and the five états de synthèse: Bilan, CPC, ESG, Tableau de financement, ETIC).
• Loi 9-88 on the accounting obligations of traders (dahir 25 Dec 1992) — makes CGNC-compliant accounting mandatory.
• Code de Commerce — commercial books and obligations.
• Loi 17-95 on the Société Anonyme — commissaire aux comptes for SA; dépôt légal.
• Loi 5-96 on the SARL/SNC/SCS — CAC threshold (turnover > MAD 50,000,000 HT) and dépôt légal (verify article/amendments).
• CGI (Code Général des Impôts) — états de synthèse attached to the IS/IR return; IS filing within 3 months of close; SIMPL teleservices (verify articles).
• Bank Al-Maghrib Circular 56/G/2007 — IFRS for banks' consolidated accounts.
• AMMC — listed-group consolidated-accounts IFRS option.
• Loi de Finances 2026 — current-year confirmation of deadlines/thresholds.
• Secondary commentary (PwC Morocco, Upsilon Consulting, Deloitte LF 2026, IFRS Foundation jurisdiction profile) used for cross-checking — not primary authority.

Short test suite

1. "I'm an auto-entrepreneur — do I file financial statements?" → No; register of receipts only (see ma-bookkeeping). No bilan/CPC.
2. "CPU — do I prepare a bilan?" → No; register of receipts and purchases only; exempt from CGNC états de synthèse.
3. "What are the états de synthèse?" → under the CGNC modèle normal, five: Bilan, CPC, ESG, Tableau de financement, ETIC (an inseparable whole).
4. "Normal vs simplified model?" → modèle normal (5 statements) at turnover ≥ MAD 10,000,000; modèle simplifié below, with the ESG dropped (exact reduced set to verify).
5. "Do I use IFRS?" → only banks/insurers (mandatory) and listed groups (optional) for consolidated accounts; an ordinary self-employed person or SARL uses the CGNC.
6. "Where do I file my company accounts?" → attached to the IS/IR return via SIMPL, and deposited at the greffe du tribunal de commerce (dépôt légal, ~30 days after AG approval).
7. "Do I need a commissaire aux comptes?" → all SA; SARL/others when turnover > MAD 50,000,000 HT; never for an AE/CPU/RNS/RNR individual.

PROHIBITIONS

• Do NOT tell an auto-entrepreneur or CPU taxpayer they must prepare a bilan, a CPC, or any CGNC états de synthèse — they keep registers only (ma-bookkeeping).
• Do NOT tell an RNR taxpayer or a company they may skip the full états de synthèse under the CGNC.
• Do NOT state the modèle simplifié component list as settled — sources disagree; present it as to verify, anchoring only on "ESG is dropped".
• Do NOT tell a self-employed person or an ordinary SARL to prepare IFRS statements — IFRS is for banks/insurers/listed groups' consolidated accounts.
• Do NOT tell any sole proprietor (AE/CPU/RNS/RNR) they need a commissaire aux comptes — that is a company-law obligation (SA, or turnover > MAD 50M HT).
• Do NOT state firm thresholds, deadlines, or penalty amounts as settled — present items marked (verify) as provisional pending reviewer confirmation against the current CGNC / CGI / Code de Commerce / Loi de Finances 2026.
• Do NOT compute the tax itself here — defer to ma-income-tax, ma-cpu, ma-auto-entrepreneur; defer the books/invoices to ma-bookkeeping.
• Do NOT replace a licensed Moroccan expert-comptable / commissaire aux comptes.

Disclaimer

This skill is research-verified from public sources (the CGNC, the CGI, the Code de Commerce, Loi 17-95 and Loi 5-96, Bank Al-Maghrib and AMMC materials, the IFRS Foundation jurisdiction profile, the DGI / tax.gov.ma, the Loi de Finances 2026, and reputable professional commentary) and is pending sign-off by a licensed Moroccan expert-comptable. It is general information, not accounting or tax advice, and does not create a professional engagement. Component lists (especially the modèle simplifié), thresholds, deadlines, penalty amounts, and audit triggers change with each Loi de Finances and with amendments to company law — every item marked (verify) must be confirmed against current texts before reliance. Always have a licensed Moroccan expert-comptable or the DGI review before filing or relying on this output. Part of openaccountants.com — open-source tax skills for the self-employed.