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openaccountants/skills/mx-freelance-intake.md

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v10Mexico
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1---
2name: mx-freelance-intake
3description: >
4 Use this skill when onboarding a Mexican persona física con actividad empresarial or RESICO freelancer. Trigger on phrases like "Mexico freelance", "SAT registration", "persona física", "actividad empresarial", "RESICO", "régimen fiscal México", "RFC", "CFDI", "ISR provisional", "declaración anual México", or any initial client conversation involving a Mexican self-employed individual. This skill collects essential information to determine the correct tax régimen, validates SAT compliance, and routes to the appropriate computation skill. ALWAYS read this skill before beginning any Mexican freelance intake.
5version: 1.0
6jurisdiction: MX
7category: orchestrator
8depends_on:
9 - mx-return-assembly
10verified_by: pending
11---
12 
13# Mexico Freelance Intake -- Orchestrator Skill v1.0
14 
15---
16 
17## Section 1 -- Quick Reference
18 
19| Field | Value |
20|---|---|
21| Country | Mexico (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) |
22| Tax | ISR (Impuesto Sobre la Renta) |
23| Currency | MXN (Peso Mexicano) only |
24| Tax year | Calendar year (1 January -- 31 December) |
25| Primary legislation | Ley del Impuesto Sobre la Renta (LISR), Código Fiscal de la Federación (CFF) |
26| Supporting legislation | Ley del IVA (LIVA), Ley del Seguro Social (LSS), Resolución Miscelánea Fiscal (RMF) |
27| Tax authority | Servicio de Administración Tributaria (SAT) |
28| Filing portal | sat.gob.mx / Portal del contribuyente |
29| Filing deadline | Declaración anual: April 30 following year (personas físicas) |
30| Validated by | Pending — requires sign-off by a Mexican Contador Público |
31| Skill version | 1.0 |
32 
33### Key Régimen Thresholds
34 
35| Régimen | Revenue Ceiling | ISR Method | Deductions Allowed |
36|---|---|---|---|
37| RESICO (Régimen Simplificado de Confianza) | ≤MXN$3,500,000 annual | 1%--2.5% on gross receipts | None (tasa sobre ingresos cobrados) |
38| Actividad Empresarial y Profesional | No ceiling | Progressive 1.92%--35% | Full deductions allowed |
39 
40### RESICO Annual ISR Table (Art. 113-E LISR)
41 
42| Annual Income (MXN) | Rate |
43|---|---|
44| Up to $300,000 | 1.00% |
45| Up to $600,000 | 1.10% |
46| Up to $1,000,000 | 1.50% |
47| Up to $2,500,000 | 2.00% |
48| Up to $3,500,000 | 2.50% |
49 
50### RESICO Monthly Provisional ISR Table
51 
52| Monthly Income (MXN) | Rate |
53|---|---|
54| Up to $25,000 | 1.00% |
55| Up to $50,000 | 1.10% |
56| Up to $83,333.33 | 1.50% |
57| Up to $208,333.33 | 2.00% |
58| Up to $291,666.66 | 2.50% |
59 
60### Conservative Defaults
61 
62| Ambiguity | Default |
63|---|---|
64| Unknown régimen | STOP -- do not proceed without régimen determination |
65| Unknown RFC status | STOP -- cannot file without active RFC |
66| Unknown CFDI compliance | STOP -- all income must be invoiced via CFDI |
67| Unknown IVA treatment | Assume 16% IVA applies unless exempt activity |
68| Unknown IMSS status | Flag -- voluntary for self-employed |
69| Unknown marital status | Use individual tables (no joint filing in Mexico) |
70 
71---
72 
73## Section 2 -- Intake Questionnaire
74 
75### Q1: Régimen Fiscal
76 
77**Ask:** "¿En qué régimen fiscal está inscrito ante el SAT? / Which tax régimen are you registered under with SAT?"
78 
79| Response | Action |
80|---|---|
81| RESICO | Verify annual income ≤MXN$3,500,000. Proceed with RESICO pathway. |
82| Actividad Empresarial y Profesional (AEP) | Proceed with full progressive rate pathway. |
83| Sueldos y Salarios (only) | Out of scope for freelance -- redirect to employment skill. |
84| RIF (Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal) | Legacy régimen -- ceased accepting new registrations 2022. Must transition to RESICO or AEP. Flag for SAT portal update. |
85| Persona Moral | REFUSE -- this skill is for personas físicas only. |
86| Unknown / not sure | Guide client to check Constancia de Situación Fiscal on SAT portal. |
87 
88**RESICO Eligibility Validation:**
89- Only actividades empresariales, profesionales, or arrendamiento
90- Cannot be socio/accionista of a persona moral
91- Cannot invoice to related parties if they represent >50% revenue
92- Prior year income must not have exceeded MXN$3,500,000
93- Must issue CFDI for all income
94 
95### Q2: RFC Status
96 
97**Ask:** "¿Tiene RFC activo ante el SAT? / Do you have an active RFC with SAT?"
98 
99| Response | Action |
100|---|---|
101| Yes -- RFC with homoclave | Record RFC. Proceed. |
102| Yes -- but suspended (suspensión de actividades) | Must reactivate via SAT office (cita previa). PAUSE until reactivated. |
103| No RFC | Cannot file. Must register at SAT (requires e.firma/FIEL or SAT ID). PAUSE. |
104| RFC without obligaciones fiscales | Must add obligations via Portal del SAT. PAUSE. |
105 
106### Q3: Revenue Range (Annual)
107 
108**Ask:** "¿Cuál fue su ingreso bruto anual (antes de IVA) en el ejercicio anterior? / What was your gross annual income (before IVA) last fiscal year?"
109 
110| Response | Action |
111|---|---|
112| ≤MXN$3,500,000 | RESICO eligible (if other criteria met) |
113| >MXN$3,500,000 | Must use Actividad Empresarial y Profesional |
114| First year (sin ejercicio anterior) | RESICO eligible if projected income ≤MXN$3,500,000 |
115| Exceeds $3.5M mid-year | Must transition to AEP from month of exceedance |
116 
117### Q4: CFDI Invoicing Compliance
118 
119**Ask:** "¿Emite CFDI (factura electrónica) por todos sus ingresos? / Do you issue CFDI for all income?"
120 
121| Response | Action |
122|---|---|
123| Yes -- all income invoiced via CFDI 4.0 | Proceed. |
124| Partially -- some cash/informal | HIGH RISK. SAT cross-references bank deposits. Flag for regularisation. |
125| No -- does not issue CFDI | STOP. Cannot be in RESICO. Must register PAC (Proveedor Autorizado de Certificación). |
126| Uses complemento de pago | Good practice -- verify PPD/PUE method selection. |
127 
128### Q5: Filing Status
129 
130**Ask:** "¿Cuál es su estado civil para efectos fiscales? / What is your marital status for tax purposes?"
131 
132| Response | Action |
133|---|---|
134| Soltero/a (single) | Individual filing. Mexico has no joint returns. |
135| Casado/a en sociedad conyugal | Each spouse declares 50% of joint property income (Art. 142 LISR). Flag if applicable. |
136| Casado/a en separación de bienes | Each spouse files individually on own income. |
137| Unión libre | Individual filing. |
138 
139**Note:** Mexico does NOT allow joint filing. Marital status only matters for sociedad conyugal income splitting.
140 
141### Q6: Other Income Sources
142 
143**Ask:** "¿Tiene otros ingresos además de su actividad empresarial? / Do you have income from other sources?"
144 
145| Response | Action |
146|---|---|
147| Sueldos y salarios (employment) | Accumulates in declaración anual. Employer withholds ISR. Get constancia de retenciones. |
148| Arrendamiento (rental) | May be in RESICO if total ≤$3.5M. Separate chapter in LISR (Cap. III). |
149| Intereses (interest) | Banks withhold ISR provisional. Report in anual. |
150| Dividendos | Report in anual. ISR piramidado credit. |
151| Plataformas tecnológicas | ISR retained by platform (Art. 113-A LISR). Verify if already in RESICO. |
152| Enajenación de bienes | Capital gains -- Art. 119--128 LISR. Flag for specialist. |
153| None | Proceed with single-source computation. |
154 
155### Q7: ISR Provisional Payments
156 
157**Ask:** "¿Está al corriente con sus pagos provisionales de ISR? / Are your provisional ISR payments up to date?"
158 
159| Response | Action |
160|---|---|
161| Yes -- monthly filings current | Verify via 32D Opinión de Cumplimiento. Record amounts paid. |
162| Behind 1--3 months | Calculate recargos (late interest) at CCP rate + 50% surcharge. |
163| Behind >3 months | HIGH RISK. SAT may issue requerimiento. Recommend regularisation. |
164| First year / never filed | Set up provisional schedule. RESICO: monthly by 17th. AEP: monthly by 17th. |
165| Presentó en ceros | Verify -- if income received, must amend (declaración complementaria). |
166 
167### Q8: IMSS Voluntary Registration
168 
169**Ask:** "¿Está inscrito voluntariamente al IMSS (Régimen Voluntario) o tiene seguro privado? / Are you voluntarily enrolled in IMSS or do you have private insurance?"
170 
171| Response | Action |
172|---|---|
173| IMSS Régimen Voluntario (Modalidad 40 or Continuación Voluntaria) | Record cuotas paid -- NOT deductible for RESICO; deductible for AEP. |
174| Private health insurance | Deductible in AEP (Art. 151 LISR personal deduction, up to 15% income or 5 UMA anuales). Not relevant for RESICO. |
175| No coverage | Inform -- IMSS voluntary available. Not required for filing. |
176| IMSS as empleador (has employees) | Different -- employer obligations apply. Verify cuotas patronales current. |
177 
178---
179 
180## Section 3 -- Decision Tree
181 
182```
183START
184
185├─ Q1: Régimen Fiscal?
186│ ├─ RESICO → Verify income ≤$3.5M → Q2
187│ ├─ AEP → Q2
188│ ├─ RIF → Transition required → PAUSE
189│ ├─ Persona Moral → REFUSE (R-MX-1)
190│ └─ Unknown → Check Constancia → Loop Q1
191
192├─ Q2: RFC Active?
193│ ├─ Yes → Q3
194│ ├─ Suspended → PAUSE until reactivated
195│ └─ No → PAUSE until registered
196
197├─ Q3: Revenue Range?
198│ ├─ ≤$3.5M + RESICO → Q4
199│ ├─ >$3.5M + AEP → Q4
200│ └─ >$3.5M + RESICO → Must transition to AEP → Flag
201
202├─ Q4: CFDI Compliant?
203│ ├─ Yes → Q5
204│ ├─ Partial → Flag + continue with caution
205│ └─ No → PAUSE until PAC configured
206
207├─ Q5: Filing Status → Record → Q6
208
209├─ Q6: Other Income?
210│ ├─ None → Q7
211│ ├─ Sueldos → Get constancia retenciones → Q7
212│ └─ Other → Flag chapter → Q7
213
214├─ Q7: Provisionals Current?
215│ ├─ Yes → Q8
216│ ├─ Behind → Calculate recargos → Q8
217│ └─ Never filed → Set up schedule → Q8
218
219├─ Q8: IMSS?
220│ └─ Record status → ROUTE
221
222└─ ROUTE:
223 ├─ RESICO → mx-return-assembly (RESICO pathway)
224 └─ AEP → mx-return-assembly (AEP pathway)
225```
226 
227---
228 
229## Section 4 -- Refusal Catalogue
230 
231**R-MX-1 -- Persona Moral.** "This skill covers personas físicas (individuals) only. Personas morales (corporations, S de RL, SA de CV, SC, AC) file separate returns under Título II LISR. Escalate to a Contador Público with corporate tax experience."
232 
233**R-MX-2 -- Maquiladora / IMMEX.** "Maquiladora/IMMEX operations involve transfer pricing, customs, and corporate structures outside the scope of individual freelance taxation. Escalate to specialist."
234 
235**R-MX-3 -- RIF Legacy without Transition Plan.** "The Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF) no longer accepts new registrations (ceased 2022). Existing RIF taxpayers who have not transitioned to RESICO or AEP must do so. This skill cannot process returns under a legacy RIF structure without SAT portal updates."
236 
237**R-MX-4 -- No RFC.** "Filing is impossible without an active RFC (Registro Federal de Contribuyentes). The client must first obtain or reactivate their RFC at sat.gob.mx or a SAT office before this skill can proceed."
238 
239**R-MX-5 -- Multinational / PE in Mexico.** "Foreign residents with permanent establishment in Mexico or cross-border structures require specialist treatment under Título V LISR and applicable tax treaties. Out of scope."
240 
241**R-MX-6 -- Declaraciones en ceros with actual income.** "Client filed provisional returns in zero but received income. This constitutes a fiscal irregularity. Must file declaraciones complementarias before proceeding with annual return. High audit risk."
242 
243**R-MX-7 -- Régimen Fiscal Mismatch.** "Client's Constancia de Situación Fiscal shows a régimen that does not match their actual activity. Must update obligaciones fiscales at SAT before filing."
244 
245---
246 
247## Section 5 -- IVA Quick Reference for Intake
248 
249| Activity Type | IVA Rate | Notes |
250|---|---|---|
251| Professional services (general) | 16% | Standard rate |
252| Professional services (border region) | 8% | Northern border stimulus |
253| Food and medicine sales | 0% | Tasa 0% -- still file IVA returns |
254| Medical services (individual practitioner) | Exempt | Art. 15 LIVA |
255| Education services | Exempt | Art. 15 LIVA |
256| Software development / tech | 16% | Standard rate |
257| Digital platforms (foreign) | 16% | Withheld by platform since 2020 |
258 
259### IVA Filing Obligations
260 
261| Régimen | IVA Filing | Deadline |
262|---|---|---|
263| RESICO | Monthly declaración de IVA | 17th of following month |
264| AEP | Monthly declaración de IVA | 17th of following month |
265| Both | DIOT (Declaración Informativa de Operaciones con Terceros) | Monthly, by last day of following month |
266 
267---
268 
269## Section 6 -- IMSS / Social Security Reference
270 
271| Concept | Detail |
272|---|---|
273| Voluntary regime (Modalidad 40) | For previously IMSS-registered individuals. Covers all benefits. |
274| Continuación Voluntaria | Must elect within 5 years of last employment. |
275| Self-employed base | Client declares between 1--25 UMA diario as base |
276| UMA 2025 | $113.14/day (updated February 2025 by INEGI) |
277| UMA mensual 2025 | $3,439.46 |
278| UMA anual 2025 | $41,273.52 |
279| Cuota fija (Modalidad 40) | Approximately 10.075% of declared base (varies by branch) |
280| Deductibility (AEP) | Cuotas IMSS voluntarias = personal deduction (Art. 151 fracción V) |
281| Deductibility (RESICO) | NOT deductible -- RESICO has zero deductions |
282 
283---
284 
285## Section 7 -- Document Checklist
286 
287```
288MEXICO FREELANCE INTAKE -- DOCUMENT CHECKLIST
289 
290Client: ___________________________
291RFC: ___________________________
292Régimen: RESICO / AEP
293Tax Year: ___________________________
294 
295REQUIRED:
296[ ] Constancia de Situación Fiscal (current, from SAT portal)
297[ ] e.firma (FIEL) or SAT ID credentials (for filing)
298[ ] Bank statements (all accounts, full year)
299[ ] CFDI emitidos (issued invoices) -- XML or portal download
300[ ] CFDI recibidos (received invoices) -- for AEP deductions
301[ ] Acuses de declaraciones provisionales (proof of provisional filings)
302[ ] Constancia de retenciones (if employed or platform income)
303 
304RECOMMENDED (AEP only):
305[ ] Estado de cuenta bancario conciliado
306[ ] Registro de inversiones (asset register)
307[ ] Nómina (if employer with employees)
308[ ] IMSS cuotas paid (receipts from SUA/IDSE)
309[ ] Pólizas contables (accounting entries)
310 
311FOR REGULARISATION (if behind):
312[ ] Opinión de cumplimiento 32D
313[ ] Declaraciones complementarias filed
314[ ] Convenio de pago a plazos (if applicable)
315```
316 
317---
318 
319## Section 8 -- Annual Calendar of Obligations
320 
321| Deadline | Obligation | Régimen |
322|---|---|---|
323| 17th of each month | Pago provisional ISR | RESICO + AEP |
324| 17th of each month | Declaración mensual IVA | RESICO + AEP |
325| Last day of following month | DIOT | RESICO + AEP |
326| January 15 | Declaración Informativa de Clientes y Proveedores (>$50,000) | AEP |
327| March 31 | Declaración anual personas morales (if has PM) | N/A |
328| April 30 | Declaración anual personas físicas | RESICO + AEP |
329| June 30 | First PTU payment deadline (if employer) | AEP with employees |
330 
331---
332 
333## Section 9 -- Edge Cases
334 
335### RESICO to AEP Mid-Year Transition
336 
337If income exceeds MXN$3,500,000 during the year:
3381. The month income exceeds the threshold, taxpayer must file under general AEP tables
3392. Recalculate all prior months under AEP progressive rates
3403. Credit RESICO provisional payments already made
3414. Update obligaciones fiscales at SAT portal
3425. Cannot return to RESICO until income drops below threshold for a full year
343 
344### Sociedad Conyugal Income Split
345 
346When married under sociedad conyugal:
347- Each spouse may declare 50% of income from joint property
348- Both must issue CFDI for their respective 50%
349- Both need active RFC and matching régimen
350- This does NOT apply to purely personal professional services income
351 
352### Platform Income (Art. 113-A)
353 
354For income via digital platforms (Uber, Rappi, Airbnb, etc.):
355- Platform retains ISR + IVA
356- If in RESICO, platform retention is definitive (no annual filing needed for platform income alone)
357- If total income >$300,000/year or has other income sources, must file annual return
358 
359---
360 
361## Section 10 -- Reference Material
362 
363| Topic | Reference |
364|---|---|
365| RESICO personas físicas | LISR Art. 113-E to 113-J |
366| AEP general | LISR Título IV, Capítulo II, Sección I |
367| ISR annual tables | LISR Art. 152 |
368| Personal deductions | LISR Art. 151 |
369| IVA general | LIVA Art. 1--7 |
370| CFDI requirements | CFF Art. 29, 29-A |
371| Provisional payments | LISR Art. 106 (AEP), Art. 113-E (RESICO) |
372| IMSS voluntary | LSS Art. 218--231 |
373| UMA | Ley para Determinar el Valor de la UMA |
374| RMF 2025 | DOF publication, updated annually |
375 
376---
377 
378## Disclaimer
379 
380This skill and its outputs are provided for informational and computational purposes only and do not constitute tax, legal, or financial advice. Open Accountants and its contributors accept no liability for any errors, omissions, or outcomes arising from the use of this skill. All outputs must be reviewed and signed off by a qualified professional (such as a Contador Público Certificado, or equivalent licensed practitioner in your jurisdiction) before filing or acting upon.
381 
382The most up-to-date, verified version of this skill is maintained at [openaccountants.com](https://openaccountants.com). Log in to access the latest version, request a professional review from a licensed accountant, and track updates as tax law changes.
383 

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About

Use this skill when onboarding a Mexican persona física con actividad empresarial or RESICO freelancer. Trigger on phrases like "Mexico freelance", "SAT registration", "persona física", "actividad empresarial", "RESICO", "régimen fiscal México", "RFC", "CFDI", "ISR provisional", "declaración anual México", or any initial client conversation involving a Mexican self-employed individual. This skill collects essential information to determine the correct tax régimen, validates SAT compliance, and routes to the appropriate computation skill. ALWAYS read this skill before beginning any Mexican freelance intake.

MXty-2025

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