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| 1 | --- |
| 2 | name: spain-transfer-pricing |
| 3 | description: > |
| 4 | Use this skill whenever asked about Spain transfer pricing rules, documentation requirements, or precios de transferencia compliance. Trigger on phrases like "transfer pricing Spain", "Spanish TP documentation", "precios de transferencia", "master file Spain", "local file Spain", "CbCR Spain", "APA Spain", "Model 232", "AEAT transfer pricing", or any question about intercompany pricing for Spanish entities. |
| 5 | version: 1.0 |
| 6 | jurisdiction: ES |
| 7 | category: transfer-pricing |
| 8 | depends_on: |
| 9 | - transfer-pricing-workflow-base |
| 10 | --- |
| 11 | |
| 12 | # Spain Transfer Pricing Skill v1.0 |
| 13 | |
| 14 | --- |
| 15 | |
| 16 | ## Section 1 -- Quick Reference |
| 17 | |
| 18 | | Field | Value | |
| 19 | |---|---| |
| 20 | | Country | Spain (Kingdom of Spain) | |
| 21 | | Tax authority | Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria (AEAT) | |
| 22 | | Key TP legislation | Article 18, Corporate Income Tax Law (Ley del Impuesto sobre Sociedades -- CITL); Royal Decree 634/2015 (CIT Regulations), Articles 13-16 | |
| 23 | | OECD member? | Yes | |
| 24 | | BEPS signatory? | Yes | |
| 25 | | Currency | EUR | |
| 26 | | Documentation language | Spanish | |
| 27 | | Skill version | 1.0 | |
| 28 | |
| 29 | --- |
| 30 | |
| 31 | ## Section 2 -- Documentation Requirements |
| 32 | |
| 33 | ### 2.1 Master File |
| 34 | |
| 35 | | Item | Detail | |
| 36 | |---|---| |
| 37 | | Required? | Yes, for groups with net turnover > EUR 45 million | |
| 38 | | Format | BEPS Action 13 / OECD Annex I to Chapter V | |
| 39 | | Filing | Available at disposal of AEAT from end of voluntary filing period | |
| 40 | | Simplified regime | Below EUR 45m: simplified local file applies | |
| 41 | |
| 42 | ### 2.2 Local File |
| 43 | |
| 44 | | Item | Detail | |
| 45 | |---|---| |
| 46 | | Required? | Yes, for related-party transactions > EUR 250,000 per party per year (per transaction type) | |
| 47 | | Format | BEPS Action 13 / OECD Annex II to Chapter V | |
| 48 | | Filing | Available at disposal of AEAT from end of voluntary filing period | |
| 49 | | Content | Economic analysis, comparables, method selection, financial data | |
| 50 | |
| 51 | ### 2.3 Model 232 (Informative Declaration) |
| 52 | |
| 53 | | Item | Detail | |
| 54 | |---|---| |
| 55 | | Required? | Yes, where thresholds exceeded | |
| 56 | | Key thresholds | >EUR 250,000 market value with same related party; >EUR 100,000 for "specific transactions" | |
| 57 | | Specific transactions | Transactions with tax haven entities, transactions involving intangibles, professional services, etc. | |
| 58 | | Filing deadline | Month following the ten-month period after FY-end (e.g., 30 November for calendar year companies) | |
| 59 | |
| 60 | ### 2.4 Country-by-Country Report (CbCR -- Model 231) |
| 61 | |
| 62 | | Item | Detail | |
| 63 | |---|---| |
| 64 | | Threshold | Consolidated group revenue ≥ EUR 750 million | |
| 65 | | Filing deadline | 12 months after end of FY | |
| 66 | | Filing method | Electronic (Model 231) | |
| 67 | |
| 68 | --- |
| 69 | |
| 70 | ## Section 3 -- Arm's Length Standard |
| 71 | |
| 72 | ### 3.1 Definition |
| 73 | |
| 74 | Article 18.1 CITL: Transactions between related parties must be valued at their market value -- the value that would have been agreed between independent parties under comparable circumstances. |
| 75 | |
| 76 | ### 3.2 Accepted Methods |
| 77 | |
| 78 | | Method | Accepted | |
| 79 | |---|---| |
| 80 | | Comparable Uncontrolled Price (CUP) | Yes | |
| 81 | | Resale Price Method (RPM) | Yes | |
| 82 | | Cost Plus Method (CPM) | Yes | |
| 83 | | Transactional Net Margin Method (TNMM) | Yes | |
| 84 | | Profit Split Method (PSM) | Yes | |
| 85 | |
| 86 | ### 3.3 Preferred Method |
| 87 | |
| 88 | No statutory hierarchy, but Article 18.4 CITL establishes a preference for CUP where applicable. Most appropriate method principle generally applies. |
| 89 | |
| 90 | ### 3.4 AEAT Position |
| 91 | |
| 92 | AEAT is not permitted to use "secret comparables" -- all comparables must be disclosed to the taxpayer. |
| 93 | |
| 94 | --- |
| 95 | |
| 96 | ## Section 4 -- Filing Obligations |
| 97 | |
| 98 | | Obligation | Detail | |
| 99 | |---|---| |
| 100 | | Master File | Maintain; available to AEAT from end of voluntary filing period | |
| 101 | | Local File | Maintain; available to AEAT from end of voluntary filing period | |
| 102 | | Model 232 | Annual informative filing | |
| 103 | | Model 231 (CbCR) | Annual filing | |
| 104 | | Corporate tax return (Model 200) | Annual; includes related-party transaction disclosure | |
| 105 | |
| 106 | --- |
| 107 | |
| 108 | ## Section 5 -- Deadlines |
| 109 | |
| 110 | | Item | Deadline | |
| 111 | |---|---| |
| 112 | | Documentation preparation | By end of voluntary corporate tax filing period | |
| 113 | | Model 232 filing | Month following 10 months after FY-end (November 30 for calendar year) | |
| 114 | | Model 231 (CbCR) | 12 months after end of FY | |
| 115 | | Corporate tax return (Model 200) | 25 days following 6 months after FY-end (July 25 for calendar year) | |
| 116 | |
| 117 | --- |
| 118 | |
| 119 | ## Section 6 -- Penalties |
| 120 | |
| 121 | ### 6.1 No TP Adjustment by AEAT |
| 122 | |
| 123 | | Offence | Penalty | |
| 124 | |---|---| |
| 125 | | Failure/incomplete documentation | EUR 1,000 per data item; EUR 10,000 per set of data | |
| 126 | | Cap | Lower of: 10% of aggregate related-party transaction value OR 1% of net revenue | |
| 127 | |
| 128 | ### 6.2 With TP Adjustment by AEAT |
| 129 | |
| 130 | | Offence | Penalty | |
| 131 | |---|---| |
| 132 | | Documentation failure + adjustment | 15% of the adjustment amount (additional to tax + interest) | |
| 133 | | Transactions with non-cooperative jurisdictions | 20% of the adjustment amount | |
| 134 | |
| 135 | ### 6.3 Model 232 Penalties |
| 136 | |
| 137 | | Offence | Penalty | |
| 138 | |---|---| |
| 139 | | Late/incorrect filing | EUR 20 per omitted data item; minimum EUR 300, maximum EUR 20,000 | |
| 140 | |
| 141 | --- |
| 142 | |
| 143 | ## Section 7 -- Advance Pricing Agreements (APA) |
| 144 | |
| 145 | | Item | Detail | |
| 146 | |---|---| |
| 147 | | Availability | Yes | |
| 148 | | Types | Unilateral, Bilateral, Multilateral | |
| 149 | | Governing legislation | Article 18.9 CITL; Articles 21-29 CIT Regulations | |
| 150 | | Application | To AEAT; must include proposed methodology and comparables | |
| 151 | | Duration | Up to 4 years prospective; prior years may be included | |
| 152 | | Fees | No formal fee | |
| 153 | | Processing time | Variable; historically lengthy but improving | |
| 154 | | Annual compliance report | Required | |
| 155 | | Binding | Binding on AEAT for covered period | |
| 156 | |
| 157 | --- |
| 158 | |
| 159 | ## Section 8 -- Safe Harbours |
| 160 | |
| 161 | Spain has very limited safe harbour provisions: |
| 162 | |
| 163 | | Area | Detail | |
| 164 | |---|---| |
| 165 | | Professional partnerships (Art. 18.6 CITL) | Safe harbour where ≥75% of income allocated to partners, subject to conditions (company has resources; >75% from professional activities) | |
| 166 | | Low-value intra-group services | No formal safe harbour; 5% cost-plus benchmark approach may be applied but doesn't exempt from analysis | |
| 167 | | General transactions | No safe harbour; all must be at arm's length with supporting analysis | |
| 168 | | Interest rates | No safe harbour; arm's length market rate must be demonstrated | |
| 169 | |
| 170 | ### 8.1 Professional Partnerships Safe Harbour (Art. 18.6) |
| 171 | |
| 172 | This is Spain's only formal safe harbour: |
| 173 | - Entity allocates ≥75% of income to professional partners |
| 174 | - Entity has human and material resources to carry out the work |
| 175 | - More than 75% of income comes from professional activities |
| 176 | - When conditions met: transaction deemed valued at market value without further analysis required |
| 177 | |
| 178 | ### 8.2 No General Safe Harbours |
| 179 | |
| 180 | Spain explicitly does not publish TP safe harbours, norms, or deemed margins. AEAT insists on case-by-case arm's length analysis based on facts and circumstances. Secret comparables are not permitted. |
| 181 | |
| 182 | --- |
| 183 | |
| 184 | ## Section 9 -- Recent Developments |
| 185 | |
| 186 | | Date | Development | |
| 187 | |---|---| |
| 188 | | 2024 | Pillar Two (GloBE) implemented via transposition of EU Minimum Tax Directive | |
| 189 | | FY2025 | Public CbCR requirement expected (EU directive transposition) | |
| 190 | | 2024 | AEAT increased TP audit activity, particularly on intangibles and financial transactions | |
| 191 | | Ongoing | OECD Pillar One Amount B: Spain monitoring implementation | |
| 192 | | 2022 | Model 232 thresholds and instructions updated | |
| 193 | | Ongoing | Spain does not publish TP safe harbours or norms; case-by-case approach | |
| 194 | |
| 195 | --- |
| 196 | |
| 197 | ## Section 10 -- Interaction with Other Skills |
| 198 | |
| 199 | | Related skill | Interaction | |
| 200 | |---|---| |
| 201 | | spain-bookkeeping | TP documentation supported by PGC accounting records; related-party disclosures | |
| 202 | | spain-corporate-tax | TP adjustments under Art. 18 directly affect CIT (Impuesto sobre Sociedades) base | |
| 203 | | spain-vat | TP adjustments may affect customs valuation | |
| 204 | | Model 232 | Annual informative obligation separate from but related to TP documentation | |
| 205 | | CbCR (Model 231) | Global risk assessment used by AEAT for audit selection | |
| 206 | |
| 207 | --- |
| 208 | |
| 209 | ## Disclaimer |
| 210 | |
| 211 | This skill and its outputs are provided for informational and computational purposes only and do not constitute tax, legal, or financial advice. Open Accountants and its contributors accept no liability for any errors, omissions, or outcomes arising from the use of this skill. All outputs must be reviewed and signed off by a qualified professional before filing or acting upon. |
| 212 |
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About
Use this skill whenever asked about Spain transfer pricing rules, documentation requirements, or precios de transferencia compliance. Trigger on phrases like "transfer pricing Spain", "Spanish TP documentation", "precios de transferencia", "master file Spain", "local file Spain", "CbCR Spain", "APA Spain", "Model 232", "AEAT transfer pricing", or any question about intercompany pricing for Spanish entities.
ESty-2025
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