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v10Brazil
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1---
2name: brazil-payroll
3description: >
4 Use this skill whenever asked about Brazilian payroll processing, employee salary calculations,
5 IRRF (Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte), INSS contributions, FGTS deposits, 13º salário
6 (décimo terceiro), employer cost calculations, net-to-gross or gross-to-net conversions,
7 Brazilian payslip structure (holerite/contracheque), eSocial filings, or any question about
8 computing wages, deductions, or employer obligations in Brazil. Trigger on phrases like
9 "Brazilian payroll", "folha de pagamento", "INSS", "IRRF", "FGTS", "13º salário",
10 "décimo terceiro", "férias", "salário líquido", "holerite", "eSocial", "DCTF Web",
11 "employer cost Brazil", "CLT", "rescisão", "aviso prévio", or "salário mínimo Brasil".
12version: 1.0
13jurisdiction: BR
14category: payroll
15depends_on:
16 - payroll-workflow-base
17---
18 
19# Brazil Payroll Skill v1.0
20 
21---
22 
23## Section 1 -- Quick Reference
24 
25| Field | Value |
26|---|---|
27| Country | Brazil (Federative Republic of Brazil) |
28| Currency | BRL (Real Brasileiro) |
29| Payroll frequency | Monthly (payment by 5th business day of following month) |
30| Tax year | Calendar year (1 January -- 31 December) |
31| Primary legislation | CLT (Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho, Decreto-Lei 5.452/1943); Lei 8.212/1991 (INSS); Lei 8.036/1990 (FGTS); Regulamento do IR (Decreto 9.580/2018) |
32| Tax authority | Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB) |
33| Labour authority | Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE) |
34| FGTS authority | Caixa Econômica Federal (CEF) |
35| Employee INSS | Progressive: 7.5% -- 14% (ceiling BRL 8,475.55/month) |
36| Employer INSS | 20% + RAT (1-3%) + Terceiros (~5.8%) |
37| FGTS | 8% of gross (employer-only deposit) |
38| IRRF | Progressive: 0% -- 27.5% |
39| Minimum wage | BRL 1,621/month (2026) |
40| eSocial events | Monthly, by 15th of following month |
41| FGTS Digital | Monthly deposit by 20th of following month |
42| Skill version | 1.0 |
43 
44---
45 
46## Section 2 -- Income Tax Withholding (IRRF)
47 
48### IRRF Monthly Table (2026)
49 
50| Monthly Taxable Income (BRL) | Rate | Deduction (BRL) |
51|---|---|---|
52| Up to 2,259.20 | 0% (exempt) | -- |
53| 2,259.21 -- 2,826.65 | 7.5% | 169.44 |
54| 2,826.66 -- 3,751.05 | 15% | 381.44 |
55| 3,751.06 -- 4,664.68 | 22.5% | 662.77 |
56| Above 4,664.68 | 27.5% | 896.00 |
57 
58### IRRF Calculation Method
59 
60| Step | Detail |
61|---|---|
62| 1. Start with gross salary | All taxable remuneration for the month |
63| 2. Deduct INSS (employee) | Progressive INSS contribution |
64| 3. Deduct dependents | BRL 189.59 per dependent (2026) |
65| 4. Deduct alimony | Court-ordered payments (pensão alimentícia) |
66| 5. Deduct private pension (PGBL) | Up to 12% of gross annual income |
67| 6. Apply IRRF table | Rate × taxable base - deduction = IRRF |
68 
69### Special IRRF Rules
70 
71| Situation | Treatment |
72|---|---|
73| 13º salário | IRRF calculated separately (not aggregated with monthly salary) |
74| Vacation pay (férias) | IRRF calculated on férias + 1/3 constitucional separately |
75| Profit sharing (PLR) | Separate progressive table (annual) |
76| Termination indemnities | Generally exempt from IRRF |
77| Overtime, bonuses, commissions | Added to monthly gross for IRRF calculation |
78 
79---
80 
81## Section 3 -- Social Security: Employee Deductions (INSS)
82 
83### Progressive INSS Table (2026)
84 
85| Monthly Salary (BRL) | Rate |
86|---|---|
87| Up to 1,621.00 | 7.5% |
88| 1,621.01 -- 2,902.84 | 9% |
89| 2,902.85 -- 4,354.27 | 12% |
90| 4,354.28 -- 8,475.55 (ceiling) | 14% |
91 
92### Key INSS Rules
93 
94- Progressive (fatiada): each bracket applies only to the portion within that range
95- Maximum monthly contribution: ~BRL 951.64 (at ceiling)
96- Ceiling (teto): BRL 8,475.55/month (2026)
97- 13th salary INSS calculated separately (not added to monthly salary)
98- Multiple employment: salaries are summed for bracket determination; contributions allocated proportionally
99- INSS is deductible for IRRF calculation
100 
101### INSS Calculation Example (Salary BRL 5,000)
102 
103```
104Bracket 1: 1,621.00 × 7.5% = 121.58
105Bracket 2: (2,902.84 - 1,621.00) × 9% = 115.37
106Bracket 3: (4,354.27 - 2,902.84) × 12% = 174.17
107Bracket 4: (5,000.00 - 4,354.27) × 14% = 90.40
108Total INSS: = 501.52
109```
110 
111---
112 
113## Section 4 -- Social Security: Employer Contributions
114 
115### Employer INSS (Contribuição Patronal)
116 
117| Component | Rate | Base |
118|---|---|---|
119| Basic employer INSS | 20% | Total payroll (no ceiling) |
120| RAT/SAT (workplace accident) | 1%, 2%, or 3% | Based on CNAE risk classification |
121| FAP adjustment | 0.5× to 2.0× | Multiplied by RAT (company-specific) |
122| Terceiros (third-party entities) | ~5.8% | SENAI, SESI, SEBRAE, INCRA, Salário-Educação, FNDE |
123| **Typical total employer INSS** | **~26.8% -- 28.8%** | Of total payroll |
124 
125### FGTS (Fundo de Garantia do Tempo de Serviço)
126 
127| Parameter | Detail |
128|---|---|
129| Rate | 8% of gross monthly remuneration |
130| Paid by | Employer only (NOT deducted from employee) |
131| Base | All remuneration: salary, overtime, bonuses, 13th, vacation pay |
132| Ceiling | None (applies to full salary) |
133| Deposit deadline | By 20th of following month (FGTS Digital) |
134| Platform | FGTS Digital (via eSocial integration) |
135| Termination without cause | Employer pays 40% penalty on total FGTS balance |
136 
137### Total Employer Burden (Approximate)
138 
139| Component | Rate |
140|---|---|
141| Employer INSS + RAT + Terceiros | ~28.8% |
142| FGTS | 8% |
143| 13º salário provision (1/12) | 8.33% |
144| Férias + 1/3 provision (1/12) | 11.11% |
145| Subtotal provisions | 19.44% |
146| FGTS/INSS on provisions | ~7% |
147| **Approximate total employer cost above gross** | **~60-70%** |
148 
149---
150 
151## Section 5 -- Minimum Wage and Overtime
152 
153### Minimum Wage (Salário Mínimo Nacional)
154 
155| Year | Monthly (BRL) | Daily (BRL) | Hourly (BRL) |
156|---|---|---|---|
157| 2026 | 1,621.00 | 54.04 | 7.37 |
158| 2025 | 1,518.00 | 50.60 | 6.91 |
159 
160- Set by Decreto nº 12.797/2025 (effective 1 January 2026)
161- Based on 220 hours/month (44 hours/week × 5 weeks)
162- Regional/state minimums may be higher (e.g., São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná)
163- Piso salarial (professional floors) set by category conventions may exceed national minimum
164 
165### Working Hours and Overtime
166 
167| Parameter | Standard |
168|---|---|
169| Standard working week | 44 hours (8h/day Mon-Fri + 4h Saturday) |
170| Common alternative | 40 hours (collective agreement) |
171| Maximum daily hours | 10 hours (8 + 2 overtime) |
172| Overtime rate (regular days) | 50% supplement minimum |
173| Overtime rate (Sundays/holidays) | 100% supplement |
174| Night work supplement (22h-5h) | 20% minimum (noturno) |
175| Night hour duration | 52 minutes 30 seconds (reduced hour) |
176| Overtime bank (banco de horas) | Permitted via collective agreement (offset within 6-12 months) |
177 
178### Insalubridade / Periculosidade
179 
180| Type | Additional |
181|---|---|
182| Insalubridade (unhealthy conditions) | 10%, 20%, or 40% of minimum wage |
183| Periculosidade (dangerous conditions) | 30% of base salary |
184| Cannot cumulate | Employee chooses the more favourable |
185 
186---
187 
188## Section 6 -- Mandatory Benefits
189 
190| Benefit | Detail |
191|---|---|
192| 13º salário (Christmas bonus) | One full monthly salary, paid in two tranches |
193| Férias (vacation) | 30 calendar days + 1/3 constitutional supplement |
194| Vale-transporte (transport voucher) | Mandatory; employer bears cost exceeding 6% of base salary |
195| FGTS | 8% monthly deposit (employer-funded) |
196| Seguro-desemprego (unemployment) | 3-5 months (paid by government upon termination without cause) |
197| Salário-família (family allowance) | For low-income employees with children under 14 |
198| Licença-maternidade | 120 days (180 for Empresa Cidadã participants) |
199| Licença-paternidade | 5 days (20 for Empresa Cidadã) |
200| Work accident insurance (SAT/RAT) | Covered via employer INSS contribution |
201 
202### 13º Salário (Décimo Terceiro)
203 
204| Tranche | Amount | Deadline | Deductions |
205|---|---|---|---|
206| 1st tranche | 50% of prior month's salary | By 30 November | No INSS/IRRF deducted |
207| 2nd tranche | Remaining 50% | By 20 December | INSS + IRRF on full 13º |
208| FGTS | 8% on each tranche | With monthly FGTS deposit | N/A |
209| Proportional | 1/12 per month worked (if < 12 months) | Pro-rated | Same rules |
210 
211### Férias (Vacation)
212 
213| Parameter | Detail |
214|---|---|
215| Entitlement | 30 calendar days after 12 months (período aquisitivo) |
216| Payment | Salary + 1/3 constitucional (terço de férias) |
217| Payment deadline | 2 business days before vacation start |
218| Abono pecuniário | Employee may sell up to 10 days (1/3 of vacation) |
219| INSS | Applies to vacation pay |
220| IRRF | Calculated separately on vacation pay |
221| FGTS | 8% on vacation pay (including 1/3) |
222| Collective vacation | Employer may grant (minimum 10 consecutive days) |
223 
224### Vale-Transporte
225 
226| Parameter | Detail |
227|---|---|
228| Mandatory | Yes, for all CLT employees who request it |
229| Employee contribution | Up to 6% of base salary |
230| Employer bears | Full cost minus the 6% employee deduction |
231| Exempt from | INSS, FGTS, IRRF (not considered salary) |
232| Form | Prepaid transport card or equivalent |
233 
234---
235 
236## Section 7 -- Payslip Requirements
237 
238Brazilian employers MUST issue a holerite/contracheque (payslip) for each salary payment. Required elements under CLT Article 464:
239 
240| Element | Mandatory |
241|---|---|
242| Employer name, CNPJ, address | Yes |
243| Employee name, CPF, CTPS registration | Yes |
244| Position (cargo) and department | Yes |
245| Pay period (competência) | Yes |
246| Base salary (salário base) | Yes |
247| Overtime hours and value | Yes (if applicable) |
248| Night supplement (adicional noturno) | Yes (if applicable) |
249| Insalubridade/periculosidade | Yes (if applicable) |
250| Commissions, bonuses, gratifications | Yes |
251| Gross remuneration (remuneração bruta) | Yes |
252| INSS employee deduction | Yes |
253| IRRF deduction | Yes |
254| Vale-transporte deduction (6%) | Yes (if applicable) |
255| Other deductions (advances, benefits, union) | Yes |
256| Net salary (salário líquido) | Yes |
257| FGTS deposit (employer, informational) | Yes |
258| Base for FGTS and INSS | Recommended |
259 
260### Record Retention
261 
262- Payroll records: minimum 5 years (CLT)
263- FGTS records: 30 years
264- Tax records (IRRF): 5 years from filing
265 
266---
267 
268## Section 8 -- Filing Obligations
269 
270| Filing | Frequency | Deadline | Authority |
271|---|---|---|---|
272| eSocial periodic events (S-1200 remuneration) | Monthly | 15th of following month | RFB/MTE |
273| eSocial closure (S-1299) | Monthly | 15th of following month | RFB/MTE |
274| DCTFWeb (tax declaration) | Monthly | 15th of following month (after eSocial closure) | Receita Federal |
275| FGTS Digital deposit | Monthly | 20th of following month | Caixa Econômica Federal |
276| IRRF payment (DARF) | Monthly | 20th of following month | Receita Federal |
277| 13º salário -- 1st tranche | Annual | 30 November | To employee |
278| 13º salário -- 2nd tranche | Annual | 20 December | To employee |
279| DIRF (Annual withholding declaration) | Annual | Last business day of February | Receita Federal |
280| RAIS (Annual Social Information Report) | Annual | March (being replaced by eSocial data) | MTE |
281 
282### eSocial Events (Key Payroll Events)
283 
284| Event | Description | Deadline |
285|---|---|---|
286| S-1200 | Worker remuneration (monthly) | 15th of following month |
287| S-1210 | Payments made (dates and values) | 15th of following month |
288| S-1299 | Closure of periodic events | 15th of following month |
289| S-2200 | Employee registration (admission) | Day before start date |
290| S-2206 | Contract alteration (salary changes) | By payroll processing |
291| S-2299 | Termination | 10 days from termination |
292| S-2500 | Labour lawsuit | Per event |
293| S-1200 (13º) | 13th salary annual event | 20 December |
294 
295### FGTS Digital
296 
297| Parameter | Detail |
298|---|---|
299| Replaced | SEFIP/GFIP (legacy system) |
300| Integration | Automatic from eSocial events |
301| Payment | Via FGTS Digital portal (generates guia) |
302| Deadline | 20th of following month |
303| Labour lawsuits | Via FGTS Digital from 1 May 2026 (for new sentences) |
304 
305### Penalties
306 
307| Violation | Penalty |
308|---|---|
309| Late FGTS | Interest (TR + 3%/year) + multa (5% first month, 10% thereafter) |
310| Late INSS | 20% fine + SELIC interest |
311| Late IRRF | 0.33%/day fine (max 20%) + SELIC interest |
312| Missing eSocial events | INR varies; can trigger audit/fines |
313| Non-payment of 13º | Fine per employee + possible labour lawsuit |
314| Late vacation payment | Payment in double (TST jurisprudence) |
315 
316---
317 
318## Section 9 -- Common Payroll Patterns
319 
320### Pattern 1: Standard Monthly Salary (BRL 5,000, Single, No Dependents)
321 
322```
323Gross salary: BRL 5,000.00
324- INSS (progressive): -BRL 501.52
325= IRRF taxable base: BRL 4,498.48
326- IRRF (22.5% - 662.77): -BRL 349.39
327- Vale-transporte (6% of base): -BRL 300.00
328= Net salary: BRL 3,849.09
329 
330Employer cost:
331 Gross salary: BRL 5,000.00
332+ Employer INSS (20%): +BRL 1,000.00
333+ RAT (2%): +BRL 100.00
334+ Terceiros (5.8%): +BRL 290.00
335+ FGTS (8%): +BRL 400.00
336= Monthly employer cost (excl provisions): BRL 6,790.00
337 
338Annual provisions:
339+ 13º salário + encargos: ~BRL 6,500/year
340+ Férias + 1/3 + encargos: ~BRL 8,700/year
341```
342 
343### Pattern 2: Minimum Wage Worker (BRL 1,621)
344 
345```
346Gross salary: BRL 1,621.00
347- INSS (7.5%): -BRL 121.58
348= IRRF taxable base: BRL 1,499.42
349- IRRF: -BRL 0.00 (below exempt threshold)
350= Net salary (before VT): BRL 1,499.42
351- Vale-transporte (6%): -BRL 97.26
352= Net received: BRL 1,402.16
353 
354Employer monthly cost:
355 Salary + INSS patronal + RAT + Terceiros + FGTS ≈ BRL 2,200
356 Annual total (with 13º, férias, encargos) ≈ BRL 31,000
357```
358 
359### Pattern 3: 13º Salário Calculation (Full Year, Salary BRL 5,000)
360 
361```
3621st tranche (by 30 November):
363 50% × 5,000 = BRL 2,500.00
364 No INSS or IRRF deducted
365 FGTS: 8% × 2,500 = BRL 200.00 (employer deposits)
366 
3672nd tranche (by 20 December):
368 Remaining: BRL 2,500.00
369 INSS on full 13º (5,000): -BRL 501.52
370 IRRF on (5,000 - 501.52) = 4,498.48: -BRL 349.39
371 Net 2nd tranche: BRL 2,500 - 501.52 - 349.39 = BRL 1,649.09
372 FGTS: 8% × 2,500 = BRL 200.00
373```
374 
375### Pattern 4: Termination Without Cause (Rescisão Sem Justa Causa)
376 
377| Component | Calculation |
378|---|---|
379| Outstanding salary | Days worked / 30 × monthly salary |
380| Proportional 13º | Months worked / 12 × salary |
381| Proportional vacation + 1/3 | Months since last período aquisitivo / 12 × salary × 4/3 |
382| Vested vacation + 1/3 (if any) | Full salary × 4/3 |
383| Aviso prévio (notice period) | 30 days + 3 per year of service (max 90 days) |
384| FGTS 40% penalty | 40% of total FGTS balance (employer pays to employee's FGTS account) |
385| FGTS on termination pay | 8% on all termination amounts |
386 
387---
388 
389## Section 10 -- Interaction with Other Skills
390 
391| Skill | Interaction |
392|---|---|
393| brazil-einvoice | No direct interaction (NF-e is for goods/services; payroll uses eSocial) |
394| payroll-workflow-base | General payroll processing workflow; Brazil-specific overrides in this skill |
395 
396### Brazil-Specific Payroll Considerations
397 
398- **CLT regime**: All formal employees (celetistas) are governed by CLT. Informal workers (MEI, autônomos, PJ) have entirely different contribution rules.
399- **eSocial is mandatory**: ALL payroll events must flow through eSocial. There is no alternative filing method for CLT employers.
400- **FGTS Digital transition**: As of 2024-2025, FGTS deposits transitioned to FGTS Digital (integrated with eSocial). Legacy SEFIP/GFIP only for historical corrections.
401- **Salary cannot decrease**: Under CLT, nominal salary cannot be reduced (princípio da irredutibilidade salarial), even by mutual agreement, except via collective bargaining.
402- **Union contributions**: Since 2017 Reform, union tax (contribuição sindical) is optional. Employee must explicitly authorize.
403- **Conventions and agreements**: Collective conventions (convenção coletiva) and agreements (acordo coletivo) can set floors, additional benefits, and overtime banks. ALWAYS check applicable convention by CNAE/sindicato.
404- **Proportional vacation**: After Labour Reform 2017, vacation can be split into up to 3 periods (minimum 14 days for one period, 5 days for others).
405- **Simples Nacional**: Micro and small enterprises on Simples Nacional have different INSS patronal rules (included in the unified DAS tax).
406- **RAT/FAP**: The effective workplace accident rate depends on the company's own accident history (FAP multiplier published annually by government). Always verify current FAP before computing employer INSS.
407 
408---
409 
410## Disclaimer
411 
412This skill and its outputs are provided for informational and computational purposes only and do not constitute tax, legal, or financial advice. Open Accountants and its contributors accept no liability for any errors, omissions, or outcomes arising from the use of this skill. All outputs must be reviewed and signed off by a qualified professional before filing or acting upon.
413 
414The most up-to-date, verified version of this skill is maintained at [openaccountants.com](https://openaccountants.com).
415 

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About

Use this skill whenever asked about Brazilian payroll processing, employee salary calculations, IRRF (Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte), INSS contributions, FGTS deposits, 13º salário (décimo terceiro), employer cost calculations, net-to-gross or gross-to-net conversions, Brazilian payslip structure (holerite/contracheque), eSocial filings, or any question about computing wages, deductions, or employer obligations in Brazil. Trigger on phrases like "Brazilian payroll", "folha de pagamento", "INSS", "IRRF", "FGTS", "13º salário", "décimo terceiro", "férias", "salário líquido", "holerite", "eSocial", "DCTF Web", "employer cost Brazil", "CLT", "rescisão", "aviso prévio", or "salário mínimo Brasil".

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